In Vitro Evaluation of Er:YAG Laser Tips On Root Surface

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro effects of the different Er:YAG laser tips on root surface by roughness and micro-morphological analysis.

Method:

Fifteen non carious extracted single rooted human teeth were used. For morphologic and profilometric analysis of the root surfaces, roots were seperated into two halves leading to 30 pieces and immersed in bakalite phenol resin blocks. The prepared specimens were divided randomly into three groups: Group 1 served as the control and no laser iradiation was performed. Group 2 was treated with Er:YAG laser (2.94 µm) with an energy output at 1 W, under water coolant with chiesel type laser tip for 20 seconds. Group 3 was treated as group 2 but the tip was different with 80 degree angle. The roughnes (Ra) and micro-morphology were evaluated before and after laser irradiation with a profilometer and SEM, respectively.

Result:

Analysis with the profilometer revealed that mean Ra values in laser applied groups were higher than those in control group (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between Groups 2 and 3 in terms of Ra values (p>0.05). In SEM analysis, more crater-like defects and irregular surfaces were seen in Group 2 compared to Group 3 and control.

Conclusion:

Within the limits of this in vitro study, it can be concluded that, treatment with 80 degree angled laser tip revealed more suitable root surface micro-morphology in SEM analysis. However, this observation has not reflected to the Ra parameters of this group. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are necessary to clarify the usage of both tips in periodontal therapy.