IADR Abstract Archives

Pulpal Blood Flow: Effects of Vasoconstrictors from Local Anesthetic Solutions

Objective:  Vasoconstriction in dental pulp blood vessels is mainly under control of sympathetic nerve supply and their alpha adrenoceptors. Prolonged and in short time repeated vasoconstriction of the pulp blood vessels may more readily damage the pulp, than it is seen in other oral tissues. Nowadays, clonidine, a selective alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist, is frequently used as an alternative to epinephrine in local anesthetics. The aim of the present study was to compare effects of clonidine and epinephrine, added to lidocaine for maxillary infiltration anesthesia, on pulpal blood flow (PBF).

Method: Pulpal blood flow (PBF) was measured on intact maxillary central incisors in ten healthy volunteers, using laser Doppler flowmeter (PeriFlux System PF 5000, Perimed, Järfälla, Sweden). All volunteers recieved 1,5 ml of local anesthetic solutions: lidocaine 2% with adrenaline (1:80000) (Lidokain-adrenalin 2%, Galenika, Belgrade, Serbia), and two weeks later lidocaine (Lidokain hlorid 2%, Galenika, Belgrade, Serbia) with clonidine (15 mcg/ml) (Catapressan amp. 150 mcg/ml, Boehringer Ingelheim, Germany), for maxillary infiltration anesthesia (buccal). Measurements were performed prior to and 5, 10, 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes after administration of local anesthetic solutions.

Result:  Clonidine + lidocaine significantly reduced basal PBF for 17%, 24%, 35%, 23%, 23% and 19%, at chosen times, respectively. Epinephrine + lidocaine significantly reduced PBF after 5, 10, 15 and 30 minutes for 34%, 35%, 39% and 22%, respectively. During observation period, PBF returned to basal level after 30 minutes only in epinephrine + lidocaine group. Significant differences in intensity of PBF reduction between investigated groups were not observed.

Conclusion: Prolonged reduction of PBF with clonidine + lidocaine, with respect to epinephrine + lidocaine, could be recognized as a side effect on dental pulp circulation during dental procedures not requiring tooth extraction.

Continental European Division Meeting
2013 Continental European Division Meeting (Florence, Italy)
Florence, Italy
2013
85
Scientific Groups
  • Milic, Marija  ( School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, N/A, Serbia )
  • Biocanin, Vladimir  ( Faculty of Medical Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, N/A, Serbia )
  • Krsljak, Elena  ( School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, N/A, Serbia )
  • Brkovic, Bozidar  ( School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, , Serbia )
  • Stojic, Dragica  ( School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, N/A, Serbia )
    • Poster Session
    Education Research-Posters
    09/05/2013