Community Periodontal Index And Smoking Behavior In Romanian Adult Population

Introduction:Tobacco consumption is one of the first preventable death causes. The aims of this study were to assess the community periodontal index in correlation with periodontal risk factors like smoking behavior and oral hygiene status in adult population from Iasi, Romania. Methods:A cross-sectional study of 428 patients 35-44 years old who attended for dental treatment the University Dental Clinic in Iasi, Romania, was conducted since 2010 to 2011. The patients were both from urban and rural area and from all socio-economic status. The clinical examination was done in accord with European Global Oral Health Indicators Developing criteria, using Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Oral hygiene was assessed using Oral Hygiene Index. A self-administered questionnaire based on "SANFACTOR EXPERT SYSTEM" was realized and structured as a personalized information package in order to allow the tobacco use control and smoking behavior. This study was approved by the ethics committee of “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania. SPSS 19.0 was used for data analysis. Results: Periodontal status was normal in 10.1% of patients. 27.7% had score 1, 48% of examined patients had CPI score 2, 9.7% had score 3 and 4.5% had score 4. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to study periodontal risk factors and differences between smokers and non-smokers. The main predictors for periodontal treatment needs were the variables: “smoking habit” and “poor oral hygiene”. The prevalence of smoking was 54%. Smoking was more prevalent among male (56%) than female (44%). Non-smokers tended to brush their teeth more often than smokers (OR 8.47, 95% CI 2.77-39.28) and they spent more time brushing their teeth than smokers (OR 12.66, 95% CI 1.96-62.11). Conclusions:Smoking and oral hygiene are risk factors for periodontal disease. Sanfactor expert system contributes on the facilitation of development, transfer and acquisition of knowledge in smoking control.