Occlusal Disclusion In The Early-phase Of Passive Self-ligating-multi-torque Orthodontic Treatment

Objectives: to provide, with a careful review of the literature, usage policies and guidelines for implementing the methods of disclusion (functional occlusal disarticulation and occlusal disarticulation with mandible repositioning) at an initial phase of a straight-wire orthodontic treatment. Methods: PubMed research of articles containing the terms "disarticulation"and"orthodontic". Results: "Functional occlusal disarticulation" it is usually identified by symmetrical occlusal rises in the anterior region (palatal side of upper incisors) or posterior region (buccal cusps of lower molars). The analysis of the desired disclusion is performed just chair side by guiding the patient from rest-position to maximum jaws closure. After occlusal rise realization it's necessary to verify, by means of plaster casts and initial centric wax, if there was any appreciable modification of the spatial relationships between lower jaw and skull. The sagittal dimension is also affected by the action of the disarticulation of occlusal contacts. Indeed, reduced occlusal interference achieved by the placement of the rise in arches banded with a self-ligating straight wire device promotes the development of arch form (left-right and front to back), especially when it takes advantage of the coil effect due to elective stops positioning on round copper Ni-Ti wires."Occlusal disarticulation with mandible repositioning" implies the dislocation of the tooth-arches in subjects presenting a shift (front or side) in the transition from the first contact to the maximum dental closure. In addition to the effects mentioned above, this type of disarticulation would also allow (in association with the early use of light elastics) the gradual correction of mandibular deviation towards centric adjustment. Conclusions: the availability of a protocol for occlusal disarticulation including performance indicators and control elements such as those mentioned above could represent a valuable aid in the initial phase of self-ligating low friction orthodontic treatment.