IADR Abstract Archives
Plaque-Inhibitory Effect of Electrolysed-Saline Mouthwash in a 4-Day Non-Brushing Model
Objectives: To evaluate the plaque-inhibitory effect of electrolysed-saline mouthwash (ESM) on de-novo plaque formation, gingival inflammation, active matrix-metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) concentration and the microbial composition of subgingival plaque.
Methods: This study used a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over, 3-treatment-arm, 4-day, non-brushing, experimental plaque-accumulation model to test the efficacy of ESM (free chlorine=200ppm, pH=7) in comparison to a positive (0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate; CHX) and negative control (distilled water). During each of the three 4-day study arms, subjects refrained from mechanical oral hygiene and rinsed their oral cavities twice daily with either ESM, CHX, or placebo, according to a randomization scheme. The Turesky modification of the Quigley-Hein plaque index (PlI), the modified gingival index (MGI), and aMMP-8 concentrations were assayed as outcome parameters. Subgingival plaque was collected for bacterial DNA extraction to evaluate the impact of mouthwash use on microbial composition and species abundances. The outcomes were assessed at baseline and after 4-days, with a 7-day washout period between each study arm.
Results: The results showed significant differences in PlI for both dark- and light-colored disclosed plaque on day 4, with ESM and CHX outperforming the placebo treatment at several tooth sites. However, there were no significant differences in MGI or aMMP-8 levels between the treatments at baseline or follow-up. More importantly, ESM impeded the re-growth of periodontitis-associated pathobionts while exerting no effect on core species and commensals, whereas CHX exhibited an inferior effect towards pathobionts and impeded the re-growth of Streptococci and other anaerobic commensals.
Conclusions: The plaque-inhibitory effect of ESM was significant, yet inferior to that of CHX. By altering the microbial ecology of subgingival plaque, ESM showed promising results in the prevention of dysbiosis – it balanced the quality of plaque composition by controlling key pathobionts and restoring health-associated commensals. Overall, ESM demonstrated potential as a viable alternative to CHX in the prevention of dysbiosis.
Methods: This study used a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over, 3-treatment-arm, 4-day, non-brushing, experimental plaque-accumulation model to test the efficacy of ESM (free chlorine=200ppm, pH=7) in comparison to a positive (0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate; CHX) and negative control (distilled water). During each of the three 4-day study arms, subjects refrained from mechanical oral hygiene and rinsed their oral cavities twice daily with either ESM, CHX, or placebo, according to a randomization scheme. The Turesky modification of the Quigley-Hein plaque index (PlI), the modified gingival index (MGI), and aMMP-8 concentrations were assayed as outcome parameters. Subgingival plaque was collected for bacterial DNA extraction to evaluate the impact of mouthwash use on microbial composition and species abundances. The outcomes were assessed at baseline and after 4-days, with a 7-day washout period between each study arm.
Results: The results showed significant differences in PlI for both dark- and light-colored disclosed plaque on day 4, with ESM and CHX outperforming the placebo treatment at several tooth sites. However, there were no significant differences in MGI or aMMP-8 levels between the treatments at baseline or follow-up. More importantly, ESM impeded the re-growth of periodontitis-associated pathobionts while exerting no effect on core species and commensals, whereas CHX exhibited an inferior effect towards pathobionts and impeded the re-growth of Streptococci and other anaerobic commensals.
Conclusions: The plaque-inhibitory effect of ESM was significant, yet inferior to that of CHX. By altering the microbial ecology of subgingival plaque, ESM showed promising results in the prevention of dysbiosis – it balanced the quality of plaque composition by controlling key pathobionts and restoring health-associated commensals. Overall, ESM demonstrated potential as a viable alternative to CHX in the prevention of dysbiosis.