Assessment of Enamel Remineralisation After Treatment With Different Varnishes:a SEM-Study

Objectives: Numerous techniques have been employed for the assessment of enamel remineralisation. This study aims to compare the changes in surface morphology with different varnishes in the remineralization of artifical enamel caries lesion in permanent molars using scanning electron microscope(SEM).
Methods: The extracted molars were kept in a 0.1% thymol solution until the experimental procedure was initiated. Fifteen enamel samples were used in our study. Samples randomized into 5 groups (n=3) after demineralisation: Group 1(G1): 5 %Sodium Fluoride (NaF) + 3 %Rennou (Theobromine and Calcium/Phosphate), Group 2 (G2): 3% Rennou, Group 3 (G3): 5 % NaF, Group 4(G4): Rosin and Group 5(G5): Deionised Water. Each group was subjected to a pH cycling model for 6 days. The scanning electron microscope was used to determine and compare the morphological changes between the different treated samples. Images were obtained at x1000 and x2500 magnification.
Results: SEM photomicrographs of the varnish groups demonstrated a uniform layer with dispersed amorphous precipitates. After treatment within 5 % NaF group, many flaky sediments were found on the enamel surface. Similarly, the maximum mineral gain was seen in all 3% Rennou groups.
Conclusions: In conclusion SEM observations showed altered surface morphologies within the artificial lesions in all varnish groups. Under in vitro conditions, all varnish groups treated artificial enamel caries lesions demonstrated particles scattered on the surface at different degrees. Rennou varnishes were as effective as NaF varnish in remineralizing initial caries lesion. Additional investigation is needed to be further confirmed with regards to clinical application