IADR Abstract Archives
Cytotoxic Effect of Hyaluronic Acid vs. Chlorhexidine Gels in Vitro
Objectives: Chlorhexidine gels have been recommended to treat oral ulcers. However, recent hyaluronate formulas have been introduced with the allegation of lower cytotoxic effects. This work aims to compare the in vitro cytotoxicity of topical hyaluronic acid-based aphthae treatment gels in comparison to a chlorhexidine gel in human gingival fibroblasts.
Methods: Human gingival fibroblasts were seeded in 48-well plates and grown for 24 hours according to previously described and tested procedures. Two topical gels used in oral mucosa ulcers (BAFT - Bexident AFT, BG – Bexident Gums) were tested. Five different dilutions (75%, 50%, 25%, 12,5% and 6,25%) were applied on cells for 15 minutes or 4 hours (n=8). Cell viability was evaluated at 1 and 2 days after exposure, using a resazurin-based assay and results were converted to % of the negative control and presented as mean±standard deviation. Cell morphology was assessed through phase-contrast microscopy (PCM) and alterations were graded according to ISO 10993-5:2009(E). Comparisons between groups were made through paired t-test, statistical significance was defined at p<0,05.
Results: After 15 min exposition a mean decrease of <20% in viability was observed for BAFT while for BG a decrease of >80% was observed for all dilutions. After 4h of exposure, a concentration-dependent reduction of viability for BAFT was observed with higher values (20.66±0.92% to 97.96±1.71%) comparing to BG (ranging from 18.95±1.44% to 19.37±1.75%) (p<0.05). The decrease in cellular viability was most significant for BG for all times and concentrations tested, rendering it the product with the highest cytotoxicity. PCM image analysis revealed moderate to severe alterations in cells subjected to gel BG for all times, while for gel BAFT only slight to mild changes were observed.
Conclusions: Of the tested products with application in oral ulcer treatment, the chlorhexidine-based gel produced higher cytotoxicity profiles when compared to the one based on hyaluronic acid.
Methods: Human gingival fibroblasts were seeded in 48-well plates and grown for 24 hours according to previously described and tested procedures. Two topical gels used in oral mucosa ulcers (BAFT - Bexident AFT, BG – Bexident Gums) were tested. Five different dilutions (75%, 50%, 25%, 12,5% and 6,25%) were applied on cells for 15 minutes or 4 hours (n=8). Cell viability was evaluated at 1 and 2 days after exposure, using a resazurin-based assay and results were converted to % of the negative control and presented as mean±standard deviation. Cell morphology was assessed through phase-contrast microscopy (PCM) and alterations were graded according to ISO 10993-5:2009(E). Comparisons between groups were made through paired t-test, statistical significance was defined at p<0,05.
Results: After 15 min exposition a mean decrease of <20% in viability was observed for BAFT while for BG a decrease of >80% was observed for all dilutions. After 4h of exposure, a concentration-dependent reduction of viability for BAFT was observed with higher values (20.66±0.92% to 97.96±1.71%) comparing to BG (ranging from 18.95±1.44% to 19.37±1.75%) (p<0.05). The decrease in cellular viability was most significant for BG for all times and concentrations tested, rendering it the product with the highest cytotoxicity. PCM image analysis revealed moderate to severe alterations in cells subjected to gel BG for all times, while for gel BAFT only slight to mild changes were observed.
Conclusions: Of the tested products with application in oral ulcer treatment, the chlorhexidine-based gel produced higher cytotoxicity profiles when compared to the one based on hyaluronic acid.