IADR Abstract Archives
Periodontal Diseases and Awareness of Oral and Dental Health in Patients With Bipolar Disorder
Objectives: Bipolar disorder is a chronic mood disorder characterized by dysfunction of psychological traits like self-esteem, speaking, thoughts, extreme shifts in mood, and sleep problems. It affects 2–3% of worldwide population. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between periodontal diseases and awareness of oral and dental health in patients with bipolar disorder.
Methods: The study population consisted of 130 individuals who were 65 bipolar disorder patients and 65 healthy controls. All individuals underwent periodontal examination, and plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), percentage bleeding on probing (%BOP), probing pocket depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded. The complaints of the patients about oral and dental health were enrolled and categorized as gingival bleeding, tooth sensitivity, halitosis, and aesthetic problems such as gingival recession, enlargement, tooth mobility, and abscess. The severity of depressive and manic episodes was assessed with Hamilton Depression Scale and Young- Mania Rating Scale, respectively in the bipolar disorder patients. Also, the Clinical Global Impressions Scale (CGIs) was used for assessing global illness severity in the patients group.
Results: PI, GI, BOP (%), PD, CAL (P=0.001), and missing teeth number (P=0.008) were higher in the bipolar disorder patients than the healthy controls. Prevalence of periodontitis was higher and periodontal health was lower in the patients with bipolar disorder than the healthy controls (P=0.001). Gingival bleeding (P=0.014), tooth sensitivity (P=0.001), halitosis (P=0.004), aesthetic problem (P=0.004), and tooth mobility (P=0.007) complaints were higher in the patients with bipolar disorder than the healthy controls. Positive correlations were detected between GCIs and CAL (p=0.04) in the patients group. GI, BOP (%), and CAL were higher in the patients with bipolar disorder who had aesthetic problem complaints than those without this complaint.
Conclusions: Patients with bipolar disorder can have a higher risk for periodontal disease than healthy controls. Since the symptoms in the presence of periodontal disease can become noticeable when they cause aesthetic problems by patients with bipolar disorder, periodontal diseases follow-up should be done regularly in these patients.
Methods: The study population consisted of 130 individuals who were 65 bipolar disorder patients and 65 healthy controls. All individuals underwent periodontal examination, and plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), percentage bleeding on probing (%BOP), probing pocket depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded. The complaints of the patients about oral and dental health were enrolled and categorized as gingival bleeding, tooth sensitivity, halitosis, and aesthetic problems such as gingival recession, enlargement, tooth mobility, and abscess. The severity of depressive and manic episodes was assessed with Hamilton Depression Scale and Young- Mania Rating Scale, respectively in the bipolar disorder patients. Also, the Clinical Global Impressions Scale (CGIs) was used for assessing global illness severity in the patients group.
Results: PI, GI, BOP (%), PD, CAL (P=0.001), and missing teeth number (P=0.008) were higher in the bipolar disorder patients than the healthy controls. Prevalence of periodontitis was higher and periodontal health was lower in the patients with bipolar disorder than the healthy controls (P=0.001). Gingival bleeding (P=0.014), tooth sensitivity (P=0.001), halitosis (P=0.004), aesthetic problem (P=0.004), and tooth mobility (P=0.007) complaints were higher in the patients with bipolar disorder than the healthy controls. Positive correlations were detected between GCIs and CAL (p=0.04) in the patients group. GI, BOP (%), and CAL were higher in the patients with bipolar disorder who had aesthetic problem complaints than those without this complaint.
Conclusions: Patients with bipolar disorder can have a higher risk for periodontal disease than healthy controls. Since the symptoms in the presence of periodontal disease can become noticeable when they cause aesthetic problems by patients with bipolar disorder, periodontal diseases follow-up should be done regularly in these patients.