IADR Abstract Archives
Osteogenic Potential of Human Periosteal-Derived Cells for Bone Regeneration
Objectives: Critical bone defect regeneration is a challenging issue as it requires a scaffold to provide mechanical resistance and Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSCs) recruitment to regenerate new bone. Bone marrow is known as the major source of osteogenic stem cells. However, despite the scant data available, periosteum stem cells represent a real interest for bone regeneration. This study was designed to characterize Periosteum-Derived cells and their osteogenic potential by studying their osteogenic differentiation and matrix mineralization abilities.
Methods: human Periosteum-Derived Cells (hPDCs) were obtained by the outgrowth method and characterized by immunofluorescence with antibodies to CD9, CD34, CD45, CD90, CD105. Their proliferation was compared to pulp fibroblasts at day 3, 5 and 7 with an MTT assay. To investigate their differentiation toward the osteogenic lineage, cells were cultured in osteogenic induction medium for 1 month. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activity was quantified every week. Similarly, Alizarine Red Staining (ARS) of calcium depositions was performed and quantified every week to determine matrix mineralization.
Results: hPDCs displayed a cuboidal shape, characteristic of periosteum cells. They expressed CD9, CD90, CD105 MSC-specific markers, the osteoprogenitor CD34 marker and displayed a significantly higher proliferation rate as compared to pulp fibroblasts. Use of osteogenic induction medium did not modify ALP activity but significantly increased the formation of the mineralized matrix as measured by Alizarin Red at the 4th week.
Conclusions: This work demonstrates that human Periosteum-Derived Cells display a MSC phenotype as demonstrated by a high proliferation rate, expression of stem cell markers and an osteogenic differentiation potential. They also have an osteoprogenitor cell profile as demonstrated by their osteogenic differentiation and mineralized matrix synthesis which highlights a bone regeneration capacity. In conclusion, hPDCs hold promise for bone regeneration and may be of interest in the management of critical bone defects.
Methods: human Periosteum-Derived Cells (hPDCs) were obtained by the outgrowth method and characterized by immunofluorescence with antibodies to CD9, CD34, CD45, CD90, CD105. Their proliferation was compared to pulp fibroblasts at day 3, 5 and 7 with an MTT assay. To investigate their differentiation toward the osteogenic lineage, cells were cultured in osteogenic induction medium for 1 month. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activity was quantified every week. Similarly, Alizarine Red Staining (ARS) of calcium depositions was performed and quantified every week to determine matrix mineralization.
Results: hPDCs displayed a cuboidal shape, characteristic of periosteum cells. They expressed CD9, CD90, CD105 MSC-specific markers, the osteoprogenitor CD34 marker and displayed a significantly higher proliferation rate as compared to pulp fibroblasts. Use of osteogenic induction medium did not modify ALP activity but significantly increased the formation of the mineralized matrix as measured by Alizarin Red at the 4th week.
Conclusions: This work demonstrates that human Periosteum-Derived Cells display a MSC phenotype as demonstrated by a high proliferation rate, expression of stem cell markers and an osteogenic differentiation potential. They also have an osteoprogenitor cell profile as demonstrated by their osteogenic differentiation and mineralized matrix synthesis which highlights a bone regeneration capacity. In conclusion, hPDCs hold promise for bone regeneration and may be of interest in the management of critical bone defects.