IADR Abstract Archives
Impact of Cranberry Extract in Bacterial Vitality in Biofilm Model
Objectives: To evaluate the antimicrobial potential of cranberry extracts against Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Fusobacterium nucleatum in an in vitro biofilm model.
Methods: Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations (CMBs) of cranberry for F. nucleatum, P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans in planktonic state were determined. After that, the antibacterial effect was evaluated, for the same bacterial species, in a 72-h multi-species biofilm, dipping biofilms for 30 and 60 seconds in the cranberry extracts. Biofilms (n=9) were analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and viable bacteria [colony forming units (CFU/mL)] were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction combined with propidium monoazide. A generalized linear model was constructed to determine the effect of the independent outcomes (treatment and exposure times) on viable bacterial counts.
Results: In planktonic state, MICs for P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum were 0.10mg/mL, and 0.25 mg/mL for A. actinomycetemcomitans; the CMB for P. gingivalis was 0.25 mg/mL, and for F. nucleatum and A. actinomycetemcomitans was 0.50 mg/mL.
In biofilms, no significant effect on bacterial viability (p>0.05 in all cases) was observed, even with the highest dose of 20 g/L, on A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum (11.5%, 39.3% and 75.3% of reduction of viable CFU/mL, respectively). CLSM analysis showed a slight decreased in bacterial vitality of biofilms after 30 and 60 seconds of exposure.
Conclusions: While periodontal pathogens A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum are susceptible to the action of the cranberry extracts in planktonic state, when organized in biofilms their viability is not affected. Although it was not possible to demonstrate antibiofilm properties for cranberry extracts, this study highlights the importance of testing new active principles, such as cranberry extracts, using in vitro biofilm models, since differences were observed on the effects over bacteria in planktonic state or in biofilms.
Methods: Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations (CMBs) of cranberry for F. nucleatum, P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans in planktonic state were determined. After that, the antibacterial effect was evaluated, for the same bacterial species, in a 72-h multi-species biofilm, dipping biofilms for 30 and 60 seconds in the cranberry extracts. Biofilms (n=9) were analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and viable bacteria [colony forming units (CFU/mL)] were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction combined with propidium monoazide. A generalized linear model was constructed to determine the effect of the independent outcomes (treatment and exposure times) on viable bacterial counts.
Results: In planktonic state, MICs for P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum were 0.10mg/mL, and 0.25 mg/mL for A. actinomycetemcomitans; the CMB for P. gingivalis was 0.25 mg/mL, and for F. nucleatum and A. actinomycetemcomitans was 0.50 mg/mL.
In biofilms, no significant effect on bacterial viability (p>0.05 in all cases) was observed, even with the highest dose of 20 g/L, on A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum (11.5%, 39.3% and 75.3% of reduction of viable CFU/mL, respectively). CLSM analysis showed a slight decreased in bacterial vitality of biofilms after 30 and 60 seconds of exposure.
Conclusions: While periodontal pathogens A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum are susceptible to the action of the cranberry extracts in planktonic state, when organized in biofilms their viability is not affected. Although it was not possible to demonstrate antibiofilm properties for cranberry extracts, this study highlights the importance of testing new active principles, such as cranberry extracts, using in vitro biofilm models, since differences were observed on the effects over bacteria in planktonic state or in biofilms.