Biological features of bioactive materials for root-end filling

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate differences in cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of Biodentine, Bioceramic (Total Fill) and MTA in V79 fibroblasts:
Methods: Three different root filling materials were extracted for 72h at 37°C and V79 fibroblasts exposed to this extracts in different dilutions for up to 48h. Viability was determined using formation of a tetrazolium salt with colorimetric detection. Cytotoxicity was observed up to a dilution of the eluates of 1:5 for MTA, up to 1:2 for Biodentin and only with the pure eluate for Bioceramic.
According to the ANIS/AAMI/ISO 10993-5:2009 guidelines all materials have to be classified as cytotoxic.
Results: The data show that pronounced cell damage occurs after initial contact with the filling materials.
Conclusions: Based on that the following ranking is made: MTA and Biodentin reacted more cytotoxic than Bioceramic (Total Fill).