Evaluation of Ozone, Carbamide-peroxide and Hydrogen-peroxide on Bleaching Efficacy

Objectives: The purpose of this in vitro study is to investigate the bleaching efficacy of ozone generator Ozonytron XP/OZ, and to compare its effect with two office bleaching systems, containing carbamide peroxide or hydrogen peroxide.
Methods: Samples obtained from labial surfaces of 60 bovine maxillary incisors were placed on labial surfaces of epoxy resin teeth compatible with jaw simulator (Kavo Jaw Simulator, KavoDental GmbH, Germany). After finishing and polishing procedures, baseline colors of samples were measured by spectrophotometer (Vita EasyShade Compact, VITA Zahnfabrik, Germany). Samples were divided into two groups (n:30), and each group was immersed in coffee or tea solution for 90 hours at 37oC in a dark incubator. Each group was divided into three subgroups (n:10). Whitening trays were prepared and the samples were bleached on jaw simulator as follows; hydrogen peroxide (Whiteness HP Blue, FGM, Brazil), carbamide peroxide (Opalescence Quick PF 45%, Ultradent Products, USA) or ozone generator (OzonytronXP/OZ, Ozonytron GmbH, Germany). Color measurements were repeated after staining and bleaching. Color change was analysed thusly, baseline-after staining (∆E1), after staining-after bleaching (∆E2) and baseline- after bleaching (∆E3). The data were analysed by using Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests and Conover’s multiple comparison tests for non-parametric data.
Results: It has been observed that tea had more staining effect than coffee (p<0,0056), both of three bleaching methods bleached the stained samples efficiently but the hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide had more powerful bleaching effect than ozone (p<0,0083). Bleaching methods failed to match the baseline colors, even though they provided effective bleaching.
Conclusions: Ozone, that is known to have fewer side effects than hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide, can be used effectively as a new option for bleaching treatment.