Measurement of Oncostatin M, Leukemia Inhibitory Factor and Interleukin-11 Levels in Serum, Saliva and Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Patients with Periodontal Disease

Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine levels of OSM, LIF and IL-11 in GCF, saliva and serum in periodontally healthy individuals, and in individuals with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis before and after periodontal treatment; and to evaluate the relationship between these cytokine levels and clinical periodontal parameters.
Methods: 72 systemically healthy individuals were included in the study. The individuals were divided into three groups as 24 periodontally healthy (Group I), 24 gingivitis (Group II) and 24 chronic periodontitis patients (Group III). İnitiallly; GCF, saliva and serum samples were collected and clinical periodontal measurements including PI, GI, PD and CAL were recorded. After 8 weeks from initial periodontal treatment, the parameters were recorded again in Groups II and III. Cytokine levels were determined by ELISA and then the results were statistically evaluated.
Results: OSM levels in GCF, saliva and serum in Group III were statistically higher (p<0.05) compared to other groups. Although LIF levels in GCF exhibited a significant increase (p<0.05) in Group III, there wasn’t any significant difference in serum and saliva LIF levels among groups (p˃0.05). IL-11 levels in Group III was significantly higher (p<0.05) compared to other groups, but there was no difference in serum IL-11 levels between groups (p˃0.05). While saliva IL-11 levels in Group III were significantly higher compared to Group I (p<0.05); there was no significant difference compared to Group II (p˃0.05). Comparison of DOS and saliva OSM and IL-11 levels in Groups II and III before and after periodontal initial therapy, these levels were found significantly lower in both groups after therapy (p<0.05). Saliva OSM and LIF levels revealed positive correlations with CAL.
Conclusions: : Increase in OSM, LIF and IL-11 levels were higher in Groups II and III indicates the presence of periodontal tissue destruction. Decreases in OSM, LIF and IL-11 levels after the treatment supports that initial periodontal therapy can inhibit periodontal tissue destruction.