IADR Abstract Archives
Microbiomes associated with bovine periodontitis and oral health
Objectives: Bovine periodontitis is a naturally occurring infectious disease whose potential importance has largely been overlooked. The periodontal lesions that develop throughout the productive life of cattle are characterised by the formation of periodontal pockets, gingival recession, attachment loss and premature tooth loss. The complexity of its clinical diagnosis in herds makes it difficult to carry out epidemiological surveys to evaluate its true prevalence. Preliminary studies on the aetiopathogenesis of the disease suggest that, as in other species, Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria may be involved. The aim of this study was to determine the microbiomes associated with bovine periodontitis and oral health.
Methods: A swab of the gingival margin was used to collect plaque from 38 orally healthy cattle and subgingival plaque was collected using a curette from the gingival pockets of 40 cattle with periodontitis. DNA was extracted from each sample by digestion with proteinase K, the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene amplified with primer pair 341F/806R and PCR products sequenced using Illumina MiSeq. Data was processed using USEARCH and QIIME and diversity analyses were performed with PAST v3.02. Linear discriminant analysis effect size was used to determine differences between the groups.
Results: A total of 1923 OTUs were identified and classified into 395 genera or higher taxa. Microbial profiles at health differed significantly from periodontitis in their composition (p<0.001, F=5.30; PERMANOVA) but not in microbial diversity. Samples from healthy cattle were dominated by the genera Gastranaerophilus, Burkholderia and Arcobacter, while the periodontitis samples were dominated by the genera Fusobacterium, Wolinella and Porphyromonas.
Conclusions: The diversity of the bacteria found in the mouths of orally healthy cattle and those with periodontitis were similar. However, the genera observed differed significantly between health and disease, with an increased frequency of fastidious anaerobic bacteria in the mouths of cattle with periodontitis.
Methods: A swab of the gingival margin was used to collect plaque from 38 orally healthy cattle and subgingival plaque was collected using a curette from the gingival pockets of 40 cattle with periodontitis. DNA was extracted from each sample by digestion with proteinase K, the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene amplified with primer pair 341F/806R and PCR products sequenced using Illumina MiSeq. Data was processed using USEARCH and QIIME and diversity analyses were performed with PAST v3.02. Linear discriminant analysis effect size was used to determine differences between the groups.
Results: A total of 1923 OTUs were identified and classified into 395 genera or higher taxa. Microbial profiles at health differed significantly from periodontitis in their composition (p<0.001, F=5.30; PERMANOVA) but not in microbial diversity. Samples from healthy cattle were dominated by the genera Gastranaerophilus, Burkholderia and Arcobacter, while the periodontitis samples were dominated by the genera Fusobacterium, Wolinella and Porphyromonas.
Conclusions: The diversity of the bacteria found in the mouths of orally healthy cattle and those with periodontitis were similar. However, the genera observed differed significantly between health and disease, with an increased frequency of fastidious anaerobic bacteria in the mouths of cattle with periodontitis.