IADR Abstract Archives
Chemical analysis of resin monomers released into the environment via urine and saliva
Objectives: To assess and quantify the potential environmental pollutant risk of the principal monomers used in resin-based composite-adhesive dental restorative complexes utilising a novel detection method following in-vivo placement in patients.
Methods: A clinical pilot trial on 22 patients was carried out for the provision of one multi-surface composite restoration on a posterior tooth. Patients that had any other recent (< 6 months) resin-based composite restoration were excluded from the study. A representative commercially available resin-based composite (RBC) and dentine adhesive containing the study monomers was used. Urine and saliva/mouth rinse samples were obtained from every participating patient at the following time intervals: Baseline (control), immediate pre-intervention, immediate post-intervention and 24hr post-intervention. Potential exposure to the study monomers from food and drink, that may act as confounders, was identified by means of a comprehensive baseline questionnaire and intervention-period diet sheet. Sample analysis for test analytes [Bis-phenol A (BPA), Tri-Ethylene Glycol di-methacrylate (TEGDMA), Bis-phenol A Glycidyl di-methacrylate (BisGMA) and Urethane di-methacrylate (UDMA)] were carried out using solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to a resolution of parts per million.
Results: Pre-placement levels of BPA were detected in all samples with mean concentrations of 1.13mg/L (saliva) and 1.09mg/L (urine); indicating a baseline exposure from other sources. Following placement of a RBC-adhesive restoration, concentrations of BPA increased to between 1.15mg/L and 1.25mg/L in 50% of participants. TEGDMA, BisGMA and UDMA concentrations varied, showing no increase or significant difference post-treatment.
Conclusions: Bisphenol-A and methacrylates in mg/L=ppm concentrations can be detected in urine and saliva. Resin based dental restorations increase BPA concentrations in both saliva and urine at 24hr post-intervention. This study provides a better understanding of the release of RBC components into the environment.
Methods: A clinical pilot trial on 22 patients was carried out for the provision of one multi-surface composite restoration on a posterior tooth. Patients that had any other recent (< 6 months) resin-based composite restoration were excluded from the study. A representative commercially available resin-based composite (RBC) and dentine adhesive containing the study monomers was used. Urine and saliva/mouth rinse samples were obtained from every participating patient at the following time intervals: Baseline (control), immediate pre-intervention, immediate post-intervention and 24hr post-intervention. Potential exposure to the study monomers from food and drink, that may act as confounders, was identified by means of a comprehensive baseline questionnaire and intervention-period diet sheet. Sample analysis for test analytes [Bis-phenol A (BPA), Tri-Ethylene Glycol di-methacrylate (TEGDMA), Bis-phenol A Glycidyl di-methacrylate (BisGMA) and Urethane di-methacrylate (UDMA)] were carried out using solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to a resolution of parts per million.
Results: Pre-placement levels of BPA were detected in all samples with mean concentrations of 1.13mg/L (saliva) and 1.09mg/L (urine); indicating a baseline exposure from other sources. Following placement of a RBC-adhesive restoration, concentrations of BPA increased to between 1.15mg/L and 1.25mg/L in 50% of participants. TEGDMA, BisGMA and UDMA concentrations varied, showing no increase or significant difference post-treatment.
Conclusions: Bisphenol-A and methacrylates in mg/L=ppm concentrations can be detected in urine and saliva. Resin based dental restorations increase BPA concentrations in both saliva and urine at 24hr post-intervention. This study provides a better understanding of the release of RBC components into the environment.