IADR Abstract Archives
Cariostatic Effect of Riva Star vs Conventional Silver Diammine Fluoride
Objectives: In contrast to conventional silver diamine fluoride (SDF), Riva Star (SDI, Australia) contains saturated potassium iodide solution (SSKI) to prevent black staining due to photo-reduction of silver. This study investigated the effects of application of SSKI following SDF application on demineralisation of human enamel, dentine and cementum.
Methods: A human permanent molar was sectioned to provide enamel, dentine and cementum samples (n=2 each), which were allocated into SDF Tx (3.16 M SDF) and Riva Star Tx groups (SDF + SSKI). Each sample was coated with nail varnish, leaving 3mmX4mm window exposed. Protocol of each group was same as follows. Firstly, sample was immersed into 50 mL, pH 4.0, buffered acetic acid at 37 0C for 4h demineralisation. Next, sample was taken out to be topically treated with SDF Tx or Riva Star Tx using a micro-brush. Thereafter, treated sample was put back into pH 4.0 solution for further 4h demineralisation. Throughout 8h demineralisation, Ca2+, Ag+ and F- ion selective electrodes (ISEs) were used to monitor changes of ion concentrations at 1 min intervals. Cariostatic effects of treatments were based on decrease of Ca2+ releases before and after Tx.
Results: The inhibitory abilities of treatments were shown in Table 1. Relative to conventional SDF, Riva Star Tx showed enhanced cariostatic effect on enamel and cementum. Furthermore, there was less staining of samples treated with Riva Star as compared to conventional SDF.
Conclusions: Addition of SSKI could enhance cariostatic effects of Riva Star. SSKI application could eliminate the excessive Ag+ in the solution and decrease the blackening due to photo-reduction of silver.
Methods: A human permanent molar was sectioned to provide enamel, dentine and cementum samples (n=2 each), which were allocated into SDF Tx (3.16 M SDF) and Riva Star Tx groups (SDF + SSKI). Each sample was coated with nail varnish, leaving 3mmX4mm window exposed. Protocol of each group was same as follows. Firstly, sample was immersed into 50 mL, pH 4.0, buffered acetic acid at 37 0C for 4h demineralisation. Next, sample was taken out to be topically treated with SDF Tx or Riva Star Tx using a micro-brush. Thereafter, treated sample was put back into pH 4.0 solution for further 4h demineralisation. Throughout 8h demineralisation, Ca2+, Ag+ and F- ion selective electrodes (ISEs) were used to monitor changes of ion concentrations at 1 min intervals. Cariostatic effects of treatments were based on decrease of Ca2+ releases before and after Tx.
Results: The inhibitory abilities of treatments were shown in Table 1. Relative to conventional SDF, Riva Star Tx showed enhanced cariostatic effect on enamel and cementum. Furthermore, there was less staining of samples treated with Riva Star as compared to conventional SDF.
Conclusions: Addition of SSKI could enhance cariostatic effects of Riva Star. SSKI application could eliminate the excessive Ag+ in the solution and decrease the blackening due to photo-reduction of silver.