COMPARISON OF TWO BIOMEMBRANES IN THE DIRECT PULP CAPPING

Objectives: The aim of this study was evaluate the response of direct pulp capping in rat molars front the use of bacterial cellulose and bovine pericardium biomembrane
Methods: For bovine pericardium biomembrane preparation, small pieces of bovine pericardium (PB) were treated with an alkaline solution of sulfates and hydroxides. A solution of 1% chitosan was allocated in Teflon molds, freezed in N₂ and covered with PB hydrated sample and lyophilized. After that, at chitosan side it was added a mixture of Ca(OH)₂ and gelatin, dried at air flow and ambient temperature. Bacterial cellulose was purchased from Bionext®. Both materials were sterilized by ethylene oxide. The cavities were prepared on the occlusal surface of lower first molar in Wistar rats. The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups: G₁: control group: Cortisporin (CO). + Ca(OH)₂ + glass ionomer (GI) + adhesive system (AS) + composite resin (CR); G₂: CO + bacterial cellulose biomembrane + AS + CR; G₃: CO, + biomembrane bovine pericardium + AS + CR. The ages of analyzes were 7, 14 and 30 days
Results: This study utilized the Kruskal-Wallis test and Student-Newman-Keulsin (P ≤ 0.05). In group 1 and 3 predominated gentle desorganization of odontoblastic cell layer, but with normal appearance of the pulp and normal cells too, both as 7, 14 and 30 days. In the same period, in group 2, predominated the general loss of cellular morphology pulp necrosis and periapical abscess in some teeth
Conclusions: It is possible to conclude that bacterial cellulose did not to use the scaffold to induce the pulp protection, but calcium hydroxide is still the material most suitable for pulp protection, and when associated with pericardium biomembrane, induced to favorable results in cases of pulp exposure.