Objective: Identify the influence of gender an age of pediatric dentistry patients on fear.Methods: After Ethics Committee Aproval, 211 children (aged 4 -13 years), 115 female and 96 males, that attended a Pediatric Dental Clinic of a Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, answered the Dental Subscale of Childrenxs Fear Survey Schedule (DS-CFSS).It contained 15 questions related to different situations that may arouse fear in children.The childen indicated their fear intensity though an analogical visual scale rangin from 1(no fear) to 5(great fear). Data were tabulated and analised by studentxs t test and Spearman. Results: Related the ages and to the gender it could be perceived that the main situations had been, orderly decreasing: Touch of stranger, injection and chocking. The children of 8 years (97,2%), 9 years (97%) and 10 years (100%) had presented fear to be touched for stranger. In relation the injection, 80% of the children of 8 years and 93,3% of 5 years presented fear. To seven years, 84,6% of the children had not presented fear of dentist. The girls presented a bigger trend to the fear of the one that to the masculine sex (p>0,05). Of the total of the interviewed children, 94,4% of girls and 83,3% of the boys had demonstrated fear when being touched by strangers. It was possible to perceive that the fear of hospital was present in 70,4% of the girls and 47% of the boys. Conclusion: The age and the gender had not influenced the fear significantly.