Biocompatibility of materials for endodontic use, an in vivo evaluation

The use of biomaterials for treatment of the root canal system aims at achieving bone repair/regeneration. OBJECTIVE: To perform an in vivo evaluation of hematopoietic bone marrow response to Biodentine and Licon D 30 days post-implantation. METHODS: Ten male Wistar rats, 100 g body weight, were anesthetized i.p. with 0.1 ml/100gb.w. of Ketamine 50mg (injectable solution, Holliday, Argentina) and Xylazine 2% (sterile solution of Xylazine 2%, Argentina), and subjected to implantation of silicone tubes containing the study material into both lower limbs. The animals were euthanized at 30 days post-implantation using 1g/1ml of sodium thiopental (Thiopental-Scott Cassara-Germany). The tibiae were resected, fixed in formalin buffer, radiographed, demineralized in formic acid, and processed for embedding in paraffin. Longitudinal histological sections were obtained and stained with H-E. Results: Histologic examination showed the presence of both materials inside the silicone tubes 30 days post-implantation. Of note, the biodentine inside the tubes had a non-homogeneous structure. The presence of lamellar-like bone tissue in contact with the study material at the ends of the tubes was observed in both groups. Scant multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) were observed in the biodentine samples. Conclusion: The experimental model used here showed the biocompatibility of both materials. Further studies will be conducted to perform histomorphometric evaluation of bone tissue response.