3D MODELING OF jaw and ITS discretization IN THE STUDY OF TENSIONS GENERATED BY IMPLANTS

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution of tensions in a dental implant processed by prosthodontic through the finite element method using a three dimensional study (Finite Element Modeling). It is expected to undertake studies to improve the distribution of tensions in a dental implant. To carry out the computational analysis by FEM was necessary to obtain a digitized model of the 3D geometry simulating a rehabilitation. Subsequently, the model of the implant was placed under a state of charge equivalent to the force exerted by chewing premolar. The process of building the finite element model begins with a tomographic scan of the human jaw. The resolution was obtained by DENTASCAN system. For this system panoramic reconstructions were performed on the jaw. It was rebuilt oblique cuts to the arcade. 89 photos were taken across the longitudinal axis of the jaw with a step of 5 mm. These images were exported in bitmap format to be edited and obtain silhouettes that replicate the geometry mandibular more likely. The FEM discretization or subdivided in the jaw subdomains "small". In the example analyzed, the mesh consisted of small tetrahedra. The net total is 64,997 tetrahedral elements and 97,997 nodes, as the number of degrees of freedom is 293,991, depending on the restrictions, were resolved more than 200,000 unknowns. Depending on the applied load were obtained maps of tensions. It was noted that the maximum tension of the bone did not exceed the tension of elastic limit of it. Respect the tensions on the piece of titanium, the numerical simulation showed that they are also below their elastic limit of tension for the state of charge analyzed. Was demonstrated the enormous potential of digital simulation as it is a tool that enables you to evaluate the behavior of materials and geometries.