Maxillary posterior sites have traditionally demonstrated lower survival rates due to poor bone quality and quantity. Implants with rough surface have been developed to improve the rate and degree of osseointegration. The present systemic review aims to determine differences in the survival rates of machined and rough surface implants in the posterior maxilla.
Method:
Multiple electronic data bases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled trials) were searched from 1966 to April 2013 for articles reporting on the survival or success rates of maxillary implants. Screening of eligible studies was done according to the inclusion criteria in duplicate. Data extraction and analysis were completed.
Result:
3818 articles were identified, and the titles and abstracts were screened according to the inclusion criteria. 149 articles had the full text retrieved and screened. 4 articles reporting on the results of 811 machined titanium implants and 809 rough or micro rough implants were considered to be suitable for inclusion. The included implants had follow up periods ranging from 3 to 100 months, and the survival rates were 92.6% for machined surface implants and 96.4% for rough implants.
Conclusion:
Rough surface implants appeared to show more favourable survival rate in posterior maxillary sites compared to machined surface implants.