Introduction: In the School Oral Health Program in Kuwait, fissure sealants are used in caries prevention. Caries in Kuwaiti school children is high. To increase the retention of the fissure sealants it was decided to perform a clinical trial evaluating the use of a primer and bond below the sealant. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of sealants with and without the use of primer and bond. Methods: In 62 children aged 6 to 9 years that required sealants in all four permanent first molars, sealants were placed in two teeth using a primer and bond (3M Scotch Bond) and in two teeth without primer and bond. All the sealants were placed after cleaning with pumice and rubber cup, and 20 seconds etching. Rubber dam was used to isolate all teeth. Sealant retention was evaluated after one year. Sealant retention was scored as complete retention, partial and complete loss of sealant. Caries was scored for those teeth in which the sealant was partially or completely lost. Results: The gender distribution was 65% females and 35% males, with a mean age of 8.1±0.8 years. Overall, 78.9% of the sealants completely retained, 19.3% were partially lost, and 1.8% were completely lost. In teeth sealed with primer and bond, 73.9% of the sealants completely retained, 25.2% were partially lost, and 0.9% were completely lost. In teeth sealed without primer and bond, 84.1% of the sealants were completely retained, 13.3% were partially lost, and 2.7% were completely lost. Sealant on those teeth sealed without primer and bond were more likely to be retained (p=0.05). No difference in caries (p=0.24) in teeth sealed with and without bond was seen. Conclusion: If a proper technique is used in sealant placement, use of a primer and bond does not enhance sealant retention.