Tooth Cleaning Through Use of Chewing Sticks in Kuwait

Chewing sticks (Miswak) have been used for centuries in different parts of the world. Depending upon the geographical location different plants or roots have been used, although the method of use is similar. It has been closely associated with religion in certain countries. Country development has tended to supplant this approach to tooth cleaning, leaving the majority of users in isolated or low socio-economic communities. In Kuwait many dietary and other practices have changed over the recent years as the society has developed. Objectives: To identify the extent to which the Miswak is currently used in Kuwait. Method: Random samples (600 each) of four age groups 10 – 65 years were taken and received a questionnaire. Responses were analysed by age group, gender, and tooth cleaning practices at home and in society. Results: Response rate was 98%; 24% only used Miswak and 43% used this and toothpaste. 75% considered it prevented dental disease and 58% associated it with fresh breath although 80% did not like the taste; 61% of age group 45 – 65 yrs were users compared to 48% of teenagers. The most frequent response (91%) identified religion as the reason for use and 43% used it in group settings. Conclusions: The Miswak continues to be an important instrument for oral hygiene in Kuwait for both religious and hygiene reasons. Currently use is also combined with the use of toothpaste, and community group use continues.