Physico-Mechanical Characterization of Universal Shade Direct Resin Composites

Objectives: To assess the physico-mechanical performance of modern universal shade direct resin based composites.
Methods: Six commercial and one experimental universal shade resin composites were included in the study: Admira Fusion 5/ exp. DeepCure (AF/DC; Voco), Essentia Universal Shade (EU; GC Europe), Tetric Prime (TP; Ivoclar), Filtek Universal (FU; 3M), Venus Diamond One (VD; Kulzer), Clearfil Majesty ES U (CM; Kuraray). The following physical properties were measured: polymerization shrinkage (PS; ISO 17304), water sorption (WS; ISO 4049), surface hardness (VHN, Vickers), 4-point bending strength (FS, ISO 4049; 14d@37°C H2O), cyclic fatigue resistance (FFL, 10.000 cycles, 2Hz, 14d@37°C H2O), and fracture toughness (KIC, ISO 24370, CNB). Data were treated using descriptive statistics, Weibull (FS) or Staircase statistics (FFL). Significance analyses were performed using ANOVA (p=.05).
Results: Table 1 shows all measured data.
Conclusions: All commercial and experimental materials proved sufficient physical stability and mechanical resistance for the use as class II permanent direct restorative in load bearing situations.