IADR Abstract Archives
Silver Diamine Fluoride Effects on Enamel Discoloration and Demineralization Protection
Objectives: Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) continues to be investigated because of its caries-arresting properties. This laboratory study explored the effect of SDF on enamel discoloration and demineralization protection as a function of baseline lesion severity.
Methods: Human enamel samples (n=135) were subjected to 1, 24, or 144-hour demineralization by submersion in a partially saturated lactic acid solution (4.1mM Ca+2, 8mM Pi, 0.2% (w/w) Carbopol C907; 37 °C; pH=5.0). Deionized water, 5% sodium fluoride varnish (FV), or 38% SDF were applied. Samples were demineralized again for 48 hours. Color and enamel surface microhardness assessments took place after each demineralization and treatment event. Transverse microradiography (TMR) was used to quantify tooth loss and mineral depth after the 48-hour demineralization. Two-way ANOVA was used for data analysis.
Results: After the initial acid challenge, 144-hour lesions had lower ΔL* values than 1 and 24-hour lesions (p<0.001). After treatment with SDF, 24 and 144-hour lesions had similar ΔL* values (p=0.074). Acid challenge duration increased % loss of surface microhardness (SMH) (p<0.001). After treatment, 144-hour lesions treated with FV showed higher SMH compared to 144-hour lesions treated with SDF (p<0.05). After the 48-hour demineralization, SDF-treated samples had lower ΔL* values (p<0.001) and less demineralization (p<0.05) regardless of lesion severity when compared to DIW and FV-treated samples. The SDF-treated side of samples showed less mineral loss than the control side in 144-hour lesions but no difference in lesion depth.
Conclusions: SDF may have a role in preventing mineral loss regardless of lesion depth, especially when acid challenges or factors promoting caries formation are repetitively present or difficult to deter. Consequently, using SDF in the clinic may benefit caries management in patients with low abidance or access to caries prevention strategies.
Methods: Human enamel samples (n=135) were subjected to 1, 24, or 144-hour demineralization by submersion in a partially saturated lactic acid solution (4.1mM Ca+2, 8mM Pi, 0.2% (w/w) Carbopol C907; 37 °C; pH=5.0). Deionized water, 5% sodium fluoride varnish (FV), or 38% SDF were applied. Samples were demineralized again for 48 hours. Color and enamel surface microhardness assessments took place after each demineralization and treatment event. Transverse microradiography (TMR) was used to quantify tooth loss and mineral depth after the 48-hour demineralization. Two-way ANOVA was used for data analysis.
Results: After the initial acid challenge, 144-hour lesions had lower ΔL* values than 1 and 24-hour lesions (p<0.001). After treatment with SDF, 24 and 144-hour lesions had similar ΔL* values (p=0.074). Acid challenge duration increased % loss of surface microhardness (SMH) (p<0.001). After treatment, 144-hour lesions treated with FV showed higher SMH compared to 144-hour lesions treated with SDF (p<0.05). After the 48-hour demineralization, SDF-treated samples had lower ΔL* values (p<0.001) and less demineralization (p<0.05) regardless of lesion severity when compared to DIW and FV-treated samples. The SDF-treated side of samples showed less mineral loss than the control side in 144-hour lesions but no difference in lesion depth.
Conclusions: SDF may have a role in preventing mineral loss regardless of lesion depth, especially when acid challenges or factors promoting caries formation are repetitively present or difficult to deter. Consequently, using SDF in the clinic may benefit caries management in patients with low abidance or access to caries prevention strategies.