IADR Abstract Archives
COVID-19’s Impact on Maxillofacial Surgical Outcomes and Complications: NSQIP Study
Objectives: This study investigated how maxillofacial surgeries fared in the U.S. during the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of patient demographics, surgical outcomes, and post-operative complications.
Methods: American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was utilized to select for maxillofacial surgeries from 2018 to 2020. Cases were separated into 2 groups based on when the surgery took place: Lockdown period (April through December 2020) vs. Pre-Covid period (January 2018 through March 2020). The inclusion criteria were Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes pertaining to the facial skeleton operations and patient age of 18 years or older. Descriptive statistics, Pearson Χ2, and Multinomial Logistic Regression tests were used to compare patient demographics and postoperative complications between Lockdown and Pre-covid periods.
Results: Lockdown (N=477) and pre-covid (N=1684) cohorts were compared using descriptive and Pearson Χ2 statistics. The difference in the average age of patients during Lockdown (41.45±17.28 years) and during Pre-covid (40.32±16.66 years) was statistically insignificant (p=0.193). Post-operative complications decreased during Lockdown as compared to Pre-covid. Unplanned reoperation was the only statistically significant (p=0.013) complication (1.26% during Lockdown vs. 3.44% during Pre-covid). Other complications’ occurrences were statistically insignificant: readmission within 30 days of operation (1.68% during Lockdown vs. 2.79% during Pre-covid, p=0.173), transfusions (0.629% during Lockdown vs. 1.25% during Pre-covid, p=0.255), and superficial surgical site infections (1.05% during Lockdown vs. 1.31% during Pre-covid, p=0.654). Organ system complications–urinary tract infections, deep vein thromboses, cerebral vascular accidents, and pneumonia–were extremely rare, occurring in <1% of all cases. Multinomial Logistic Regression analyses showed no significance between complication rate and the COVID lockdown period.
Conclusions: Our data suggest that there is no association between maxillofacial fracture procedures performed during COVID-19 lockdown and post-operative complication rates. Supplemental studies would be helpful in providing additional insight into how surgeries in the U.S. fared during a pandemic.
Methods: American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was utilized to select for maxillofacial surgeries from 2018 to 2020. Cases were separated into 2 groups based on when the surgery took place: Lockdown period (April through December 2020) vs. Pre-Covid period (January 2018 through March 2020). The inclusion criteria were Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes pertaining to the facial skeleton operations and patient age of 18 years or older. Descriptive statistics, Pearson Χ2, and Multinomial Logistic Regression tests were used to compare patient demographics and postoperative complications between Lockdown and Pre-covid periods.
Results: Lockdown (N=477) and pre-covid (N=1684) cohorts were compared using descriptive and Pearson Χ2 statistics. The difference in the average age of patients during Lockdown (41.45±17.28 years) and during Pre-covid (40.32±16.66 years) was statistically insignificant (p=0.193). Post-operative complications decreased during Lockdown as compared to Pre-covid. Unplanned reoperation was the only statistically significant (p=0.013) complication (1.26% during Lockdown vs. 3.44% during Pre-covid). Other complications’ occurrences were statistically insignificant: readmission within 30 days of operation (1.68% during Lockdown vs. 2.79% during Pre-covid, p=0.173), transfusions (0.629% during Lockdown vs. 1.25% during Pre-covid, p=0.255), and superficial surgical site infections (1.05% during Lockdown vs. 1.31% during Pre-covid, p=0.654). Organ system complications–urinary tract infections, deep vein thromboses, cerebral vascular accidents, and pneumonia–were extremely rare, occurring in <1% of all cases. Multinomial Logistic Regression analyses showed no significance between complication rate and the COVID lockdown period.
Conclusions: Our data suggest that there is no association between maxillofacial fracture procedures performed during COVID-19 lockdown and post-operative complication rates. Supplemental studies would be helpful in providing additional insight into how surgeries in the U.S. fared during a pandemic.