IADR Abstract Archives
Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSC) and TemporomandibularJoint (TMJ) Disorders
Objectives: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) connects the mandibular condyle to the temporal bone of the skull. TMJ disorder is a term embracing a variety of conditions of the joint. TMJ dislocation is the interlocking of the mandibular condyle most frequently in the anterosuperior position of the articular eminence. Articular eminence, which dictates the path of translational condylar movement, can be deformed or flattened - major predisposing factors for patients with anterior luxation, presenting with pain, discomfort, difficulty in phonation and mastication. Solutions to revamp the structure are necessary with recent evidence suggesting the possibility that dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) could potentially remodel the problematic articular eminence to revitalize patients.
Methods: Using an approved protocol and previously isolated DPSC isolates a total of n=10 multipotent DPSC were identified for inclusion in this study. Analysis of viability, doubling time (proliferation) and DPSC biomarker expression were confirmed through in vitro cell culture and RT-PCR analysis. Experimental treatment of DPSC was facilitated using vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), mineralized trioxide aggregates (MTA), and bone morphogenic protein (BMP-2).
Results: These experiments revealed that administration of VEGF significantly increased viability among three DPSC isolates (dpsc-5423, dpsc-11750, dpsc-11836) from an average of 37.8% to 57.3%. In addition, growth and proliferation (measured in 96-well assays) was significantly increased between 14% and 53%. RNA extracted from DPSC in the experimental assays differs also significantly from the control assays in expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) – two biomarkers for differentiation.
Conclusions: Based upon these results, it may be possible to direct DPSC differentiation in vitro with VEGF. Moreover, these effects may be sufficient to induce production of biochemical products that are associated with osteogenic cell types, which may help oral health researchers to elucidate novel methods to revitalize and repair various osteogenic disorders, including those of the temporomandibular joint.
Methods: Using an approved protocol and previously isolated DPSC isolates a total of n=10 multipotent DPSC were identified for inclusion in this study. Analysis of viability, doubling time (proliferation) and DPSC biomarker expression were confirmed through in vitro cell culture and RT-PCR analysis. Experimental treatment of DPSC was facilitated using vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), mineralized trioxide aggregates (MTA), and bone morphogenic protein (BMP-2).
Results: These experiments revealed that administration of VEGF significantly increased viability among three DPSC isolates (dpsc-5423, dpsc-11750, dpsc-11836) from an average of 37.8% to 57.3%. In addition, growth and proliferation (measured in 96-well assays) was significantly increased between 14% and 53%. RNA extracted from DPSC in the experimental assays differs also significantly from the control assays in expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) – two biomarkers for differentiation.
Conclusions: Based upon these results, it may be possible to direct DPSC differentiation in vitro with VEGF. Moreover, these effects may be sufficient to induce production of biochemical products that are associated with osteogenic cell types, which may help oral health researchers to elucidate novel methods to revitalize and repair various osteogenic disorders, including those of the temporomandibular joint.