IADR Abstract Archives
Factors Associated With Bleeding on Probing in Males and Females
Objectives: To determine whether and to what extent patient-related factors such as age, diabetes, smoking habit, and number of periodontal pockets, have a gender-specific effect on the severity and extent of periodontal inflammation (as assessed through bleeding on probing, BoP).
Methods: Data were retrospectively derived from the record charts of adult dentate or partially edentulous patients seeking care for plaque-induced periodontal disease (ranging from gingivitis to severe periodontitis) at a specialist center over a 10-year period. At first visit, BoP had been recorded as positive when gingival bleeding had been detected at the site level after probing depth (PD) assessment. Within each gender cohort, multivariate analyses were conducted using the full-mouth percentage of either BoP+ sites (%BoP) or teeth with at least 1 BoP+ site (%BoPteeth) as dependent variables, and the following parameters as patient-related predictors: age; smoking status; daily cigarette consumption; diabetes; number of teeth present; proportion of sites with PD≥ 5 mm around teeth.
Results: 389 females and 212 males were included for analysis. In females, age and proportion of sites with PD≥ 5 mm were independently, positively associated with %BoP (p= 0.046 and p< 0.001, respectively) and %BoPteeth (p= 0.050 and p< 0.001, respectively). In males, smokers showed significantly lower %BoP (p= 0.021) than non-smokers, while the proportion of sites with PD≥ 5 mm was independently, positively associated with %BoP and %BoPteeth (p< 0.001 and p< 0.001, respectively). In males, smoking exposure (n° of cigarettes/day) did not show a significant impact on %BoP and %BoPteeth.
Conclusions: In females, the severity and extent of periodontal inflammation is positively associated with age and proportion of periodontal pockets. In males, the severity and extent of periodontal inflammation is positively associated with the proportion of periodontal pockets, and smokers show lower severity of inflammation compared to non-smokers.
Methods: Data were retrospectively derived from the record charts of adult dentate or partially edentulous patients seeking care for plaque-induced periodontal disease (ranging from gingivitis to severe periodontitis) at a specialist center over a 10-year period. At first visit, BoP had been recorded as positive when gingival bleeding had been detected at the site level after probing depth (PD) assessment. Within each gender cohort, multivariate analyses were conducted using the full-mouth percentage of either BoP+ sites (%BoP) or teeth with at least 1 BoP+ site (%BoPteeth) as dependent variables, and the following parameters as patient-related predictors: age; smoking status; daily cigarette consumption; diabetes; number of teeth present; proportion of sites with PD≥ 5 mm around teeth.
Results: 389 females and 212 males were included for analysis. In females, age and proportion of sites with PD≥ 5 mm were independently, positively associated with %BoP (p= 0.046 and p< 0.001, respectively) and %BoPteeth (p= 0.050 and p< 0.001, respectively). In males, smokers showed significantly lower %BoP (p= 0.021) than non-smokers, while the proportion of sites with PD≥ 5 mm was independently, positively associated with %BoP and %BoPteeth (p< 0.001 and p< 0.001, respectively). In males, smoking exposure (n° of cigarettes/day) did not show a significant impact on %BoP and %BoPteeth.
Conclusions: In females, the severity and extent of periodontal inflammation is positively associated with age and proportion of periodontal pockets. In males, the severity and extent of periodontal inflammation is positively associated with the proportion of periodontal pockets, and smokers show lower severity of inflammation compared to non-smokers.