IADR Abstract Archives
Chemical Effects of Stannous and Sodium Fluoride Dental Treatments on Titanium Alloy Surfaces
Objectives: The current recommendation is to use neutral pH sodium fluoride (NaF) toothpaste in combination with titanium implants, refraining from use of a low-pH system (e.g., acidulated phosphate fluoride, APF). No recommendation exists for stannous fluoride (SnF2), which has anti-microbial action that may be beneficial to patients with implants. Objective: Investigate the chemical effects of commercially available SnF2 on titanium implants at neutral pH comparing its effects to those of NaF.
Methods: Titanium posts and healing caps were incubated at 34°Celsius, removed from their respective treatments, and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface topography (ST). Treatment compositions included: a) water b) 0.1M NaF, pH 2.28; c) 0.16% SnCl2, pH 5.58; d) SnF2 Toothpaste, pH 5.98; e) NaF Toothpaste, pH 6.96; and f) APF, pH 3.76. The treatment time for all compositions was 24 hours except for group b, which was treated for 15 minutes. Comparisons were made with untreated control surfaces at 1000x for SEM and 20x for ST. Roughness measurements were averaged at 5 different locations on each sample.
Results: Both low pH NaF groups (Groups b and f) caused measurable changes in surface roughness by ST (p < 0.05, student’s t-test). The roughness changes from the other treatments were all statistically insignificant (p > 0.25). Upon inspection of SEM images, group b showed obvious changes in surface character from corrosion and group f showed only minor changes. We would interpret group f results as on the edge of detectability and probably represents the limit of what is clinically relevant. No changes in surface character as observed by SEM were evident with the remaining treatments.
Conclusions: Our results are consistent with the current recommendation for NaF. We conclude that the clinical recommendation for the use of NaF at neutral pH should also apply to the use of SnF2 at near neutral pH.
Methods: Titanium posts and healing caps were incubated at 34°Celsius, removed from their respective treatments, and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface topography (ST). Treatment compositions included: a) water b) 0.1M NaF, pH 2.28; c) 0.16% SnCl2, pH 5.58; d) SnF2 Toothpaste, pH 5.98; e) NaF Toothpaste, pH 6.96; and f) APF, pH 3.76. The treatment time for all compositions was 24 hours except for group b, which was treated for 15 minutes. Comparisons were made with untreated control surfaces at 1000x for SEM and 20x for ST. Roughness measurements were averaged at 5 different locations on each sample.
Results: Both low pH NaF groups (Groups b and f) caused measurable changes in surface roughness by ST (p < 0.05, student’s t-test). The roughness changes from the other treatments were all statistically insignificant (p > 0.25). Upon inspection of SEM images, group b showed obvious changes in surface character from corrosion and group f showed only minor changes. We would interpret group f results as on the edge of detectability and probably represents the limit of what is clinically relevant. No changes in surface character as observed by SEM were evident with the remaining treatments.
Conclusions: Our results are consistent with the current recommendation for NaF. We conclude that the clinical recommendation for the use of NaF at neutral pH should also apply to the use of SnF2 at near neutral pH.