IADR Abstract Archives
3D-Printed Poly Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA)/ Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) Composite Scaffold for Craniofacial Bone Regeneration
Objectives: MTA is a calcium silicate-based cement that has great promise for regenerative dentistry due to its high bioactivity and good osteogenic properties. The aim of this study is to characterize a 3D-printed porous composite scaffold employing mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) for use in craniofacial bone regeneration.
Methods: The PLGA/MTA composite scaffold was fabricated via solvent casting method. For this purpose, PLGA was dissolved in acetone, followed by addition of MTA powder (PLGA/MTA:80/20). The mixture was agitated to obtain a uniform suspension and dried at room temperature for 24 h. Subsequently, the obtained material was transferred to a vacuum oven and kept for 24 h to completely remove the organic solvent. The structural and mechanical properties were evaluated, as well as the in vitro biological characteristics (cell viability and alkaline phosphate (ALP) activity) by culturing human dental pulp cells (hDPCs).
Results: The results demonstrated that the 3D-printed PLGA/MTA composite scaffold had porosities in the range of 40-50% measured through liquid displacement method (LDM). The mechanical test results ascertained that the PLGA/MTA composite scaffold had superior mechanical properties compared to PLGA. Additionally, the PLGA/MTA composite scaffold could adequately promote the proliferation and differentiation of hDPCs.
Conclusions: The incorporation of MTA into the PLGA scaffolds could improve the mechanical properties and bioactivity of 3D-printed scaffolds. Therefore, the 3D-printed PLGA/MTA composite could be a promising scaffold for craniofacial bone regeneration.
Methods: The PLGA/MTA composite scaffold was fabricated via solvent casting method. For this purpose, PLGA was dissolved in acetone, followed by addition of MTA powder (PLGA/MTA:80/20). The mixture was agitated to obtain a uniform suspension and dried at room temperature for 24 h. Subsequently, the obtained material was transferred to a vacuum oven and kept for 24 h to completely remove the organic solvent. The structural and mechanical properties were evaluated, as well as the in vitro biological characteristics (cell viability and alkaline phosphate (ALP) activity) by culturing human dental pulp cells (hDPCs).
Results: The results demonstrated that the 3D-printed PLGA/MTA composite scaffold had porosities in the range of 40-50% measured through liquid displacement method (LDM). The mechanical test results ascertained that the PLGA/MTA composite scaffold had superior mechanical properties compared to PLGA. Additionally, the PLGA/MTA composite scaffold could adequately promote the proliferation and differentiation of hDPCs.
Conclusions: The incorporation of MTA into the PLGA scaffolds could improve the mechanical properties and bioactivity of 3D-printed scaffolds. Therefore, the 3D-printed PLGA/MTA composite could be a promising scaffold for craniofacial bone regeneration.