Effect of Different Piezotome Settings on 2D Cell Culture Systems and Impact of Surgery with Piezoelectric Knife on Bone Biology

Objectives: To determine the effects of Peizotome with different puissance (power) and vibrational frequencies on 2D confluent and non-confluent cell culture models and impact of clinically used surgical piezoelectric knives/devices on bone biology
Methods: Prostate PC3 cancer cells were cultured in 12 well plates and two experimental approaches used were: (a) sets of confluent cells, and (b) sets of cells in suspension at seeding, to be subjected to different piezotome settings. A set of cells in each group (a) & (b) were treated with either 255 or 50 VA fixed puissance (power) but different modulations (vibrational frequencies) 10, 30 and 100 Hz, respectively, for fixed time of 5 seconds. The controls were corresponding sets of cell wells with no piezotome treatment. For live bone surgical defects neonatal mouse calvarial bone organ cultures were used with the same settings of piezotome puissance and modulations as those for the cell cultures above. The impacts of piezotome on cell cultures were evaluated by quantitative counts of cell survival and on the bone surgical defects by bone repair/healing and bone resorption
Results: Counting of media cells and those attached to plate for cell survival showed major differences in the impact generated by puissance 255 versus 50 with the same modulations of 10, 30,100 Hz. The degree of sensitivity of confluent cells versus cells in suspension for the same puissance and modulations used was also very diffreent. Furthermore, repeat treatments of 5 seconds led to progressive decrease in cell survival. In live bone organ culture surgical defects the repair/healing was significantly enhanced when piezoelectric was used with puissance 255 and modulation 30 Hz as compared with using traditional diamond bur for defect generation
Conclusions: This study revealed that the effect of piezotome with puissance 250 VA is much stronger on both cells in suspension and those attached to the plate than 50 VA. The effect of multiple 5 second piezotome treatment was also more influential on unattached cells than attached cells with only marginal effects of the different vibrational frequencies. In live bone microenvironment the piezoelectric device may be used to enhance bone formation/healing or resorption with appropriate selection of the specific puissance and vibrational frequency combinations