Methods: The records of 670 orthodontic patients (ages 9-20) from the Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan orthodontic clinic were utilized for this study. Radiographs, intraoral photographs and dental casts were analyzed by two trained examiner who followed a pre-established protocol that excluded patients with a history of trauma, prior orthodontic treatment, cleft lip and palate and patients diagnosed with syndromes. Prevalence, distribution, and the associations among the different anomalies (DA) were established. Descriptive statistics were performed for the study variables. Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test (p<0.05) was used to explore gender differences and to establish the associations among the different dental anomalies.
Results: Twenty eight percent of the sample presented at least one dental anomaly (n=188). The most common dental anomaly was impacted teeth (IT), 14% (n=91), followed by microdontic upper lateral incisors (MULI) 6% (n=42). There were no statistically significant differences between gender in prevalence of any of the DA examined. However, statistically significant associations were found between IT and agenesis (p=0.02); IT and the prescence of supernumerary teeth (ST) (p=0.008); IT and microdontic upper lateral incisor (MULI), (p=0.001); IT and barrel shaped upper lateral incisor (BSULI), (p=0.009).
Conclusion: An association between different DA was found. In terms of prevalence of DA, our results differ from previous studies conducted in other countries indicating that dental anomalies may be associated with race. More race specific studies are needed to further determine if race is a predisposing factor for specific DA.