Effects of Eggshell Sandblasting Powders on CAD/CAM Block Surface

Objectives: Assessing the effects of experimentally prepared different sandblast powder formulations using eggshell powder on the surface roughness and properties of CAD/CAM resin nano ceramic block is the aim of this study.
Methods: Thirty standard Resin Nano Ceramic samples measuring 10x10x1 mm (3M™ Lava™ Ultimate CAD/CAM Restorative, USA) were made for this in vitro investigation. After all samples were ground, the initial roughness values (Ra) were measured using a profilometry apparatus (SJ 201 Mitutoyo, Japan). After that, sandblast powders made experimentally from eggshell powder [Group 1: Shell powder, Arabic gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, 4% Na₂HPO₄; Group 2: Sintered shell powder, alginic acid, carboxymethyl cellulose, ammonium carbonate, and STMP; Group 3: Shell powder, Arabic gum, CaCl₂, alginic acid, carboxy methyl cellulose, TiO₂, ammonium carbonate, STMP, adsorbed membrane powder] were used to sandblast the surfaces for 20 seconds at a distance of 2 mm (Ronvig, Denmark). The roughness measurements were repeated following ultrasonography cleaning of the samples. For every surface, three measurements were made. The information was subjected to statistical analysis. An AFM equipment was used to analyze the surface characteristics of one sample per group (NT MDT, Ireland).
Results: Group 1's average roughness values were 0.37 and 0.62, Group 2's were 0.44 and 0.61, and Group 3's were 0.37 and 0.51 before and after sandblasting. Data from Groups 1 and 2 before and after sandblasting showed statistical differences (p<0.05). Group 3 was similar to the control group (p>0.05). These findings were also validated by the AFM-obtained pictures.
Conclusions: The surface has been adequately roughened by air flow groups 1 and 2, which were derived from eggshell powder that was created experimentally. When preparing CAD/CAM restorations for cementation and repair operations, these groups may be given preference in the normal sandblasting process.