IADR Abstract Archives
Absence of Anterior Guidance and Its Effects on Early Discal Changes
Objectives: Anterior guidance is a critical aspect of occlusion that influences mandibular movements and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function. This study investigates the relationship between the absence of anterior guidance and early discal changes in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). By utilizing Joint Vibration Analysis (JVA) and Piper’s classification, it aims to highlight the role of anterior guidance in maintaining TMJ health and its potential impact on the early stages of discal pathology.
Methods: This observational study included 90 participants, divided into three groups: Group A (control) with anterior guidance, Group B without anterior guidance following prior orthodontic or prosthodontic therapy, and Group C without anterior guidance and no prior treatment. JVA was used to measure TMJ vibrations during mouth opening and closing, and Piper’s classification was used to assess discal changes. The study followed the STROBE guidelines for observational studies.
Results: Participants without anterior guidance exhibited significantly higher JVA parameters (total integral, peak frequency, and peak amplitude), indicating subclinical discal changes in the TMJ. In contrast, participants with anterior guidance (Group A) showed normal TMJ function with lower JVA values. The absence of anterior guidance was associated with early discal changes, even in asymptomatic individuals. One way ANOVA was conducted to check for significant differences between the groups. The results showed that there was significant difference between the groups (p<0.05).
Conclusions: The absence of anterior guidance is linked to early discal changes in the TMJ, suggesting that even asymptomatic patients may experience subclinical joint dysfunction. JVA proved to be a valuable non-invasive tool for early detection, highlighting the potential for early intervention to prevent TMJ disorders. Skeletal malocclusions, particularly Class II and III, further increase the risk of TMJ pathologies.
Methods: This observational study included 90 participants, divided into three groups: Group A (control) with anterior guidance, Group B without anterior guidance following prior orthodontic or prosthodontic therapy, and Group C without anterior guidance and no prior treatment. JVA was used to measure TMJ vibrations during mouth opening and closing, and Piper’s classification was used to assess discal changes. The study followed the STROBE guidelines for observational studies.
Results: Participants without anterior guidance exhibited significantly higher JVA parameters (total integral, peak frequency, and peak amplitude), indicating subclinical discal changes in the TMJ. In contrast, participants with anterior guidance (Group A) showed normal TMJ function with lower JVA values. The absence of anterior guidance was associated with early discal changes, even in asymptomatic individuals. One way ANOVA was conducted to check for significant differences between the groups. The results showed that there was significant difference between the groups (p<0.05).
Conclusions: The absence of anterior guidance is linked to early discal changes in the TMJ, suggesting that even asymptomatic patients may experience subclinical joint dysfunction. JVA proved to be a valuable non-invasive tool for early detection, highlighting the potential for early intervention to prevent TMJ disorders. Skeletal malocclusions, particularly Class II and III, further increase the risk of TMJ pathologies.