IADR Abstract Archives
Polypyrrole-Zinc Coating for Dental Implants: Mechanical, Antimicrobial, and Osteogenic Performance
Objectives: The success of dental implants is often compromised by peri-implant infections and mechanical failure. To address this, we developed a novel two-step surface modification for titanium (Ti) implants. First, Microarc oxidation (MAO) treatment created a porous layer to enhance adhesion of polypyrrole (PPy), a conductive polymer with attractive electrochemical properties. Subsequently, PPy-Zinc (Zn) coating was deposited, forming a wear-resistant, cytocompatible, and antimicrobial coating that utilizes Zn’s bioactive properties to enhance surface performance.
Methods: Commercially pure titanium (cpTi) discs were polished and MAO-treated to create an inner ceramic-like layer. A PPy coating with/without Zn was then electrodeposited, forming the groups: Machined (cpTi) and MAO-modified surfaces as controls; MAO+PPy as the treatment control; and MAO+PPy/Zn as the experimental group. Surface characterization included physicochemical tests, morphology, roughness, and wettability. Mechanical and electrochemical resistance were evaluated. Antimicrobial effect was tested using mono-species and 96-hour microcosm biofilm models, assessing biofilm viability, morphology, metabolism, dry weight, and microbial composition. Cytocompatibility was assessed by proliferation, adherence, live/dead, and osteogenic activity of osteoblast-like cells. Biological properties were evaluated by protein adsorption and hydroxyapatite formation. Data were analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey HSD test (α=0.05).
Results: MAO-treated surfaces formed a highly adherent PPy film, improving Ti’s mechanical and corrosion resistance (p<0.05), reducing wear loss, and increasing hardness (p<0.05). The Zn provided a significant antimicrobial effect, reducing biofilm metabolism and viability compared to other groups (p<0.05), while favorably modulating microbial profile. Furthermore, PPy/Zn coating enhanced cytocompatibility and bioactivity by promoting cell proliferation and protein adsorption (p<0.05).
Conclusions: The PPy+Zn multifunctional coating was deposited on MAO-treated surfaces, showing superior mechanical properties, antibacterial effects, and enhanced biological responses. This innovation offers a promising strategy in the dental materials field, potentially contributing to implant longevity by improving material resistance and reducing biofilm formation.
Methods: Commercially pure titanium (cpTi) discs were polished and MAO-treated to create an inner ceramic-like layer. A PPy coating with/without Zn was then electrodeposited, forming the groups: Machined (cpTi) and MAO-modified surfaces as controls; MAO+PPy as the treatment control; and MAO+PPy/Zn as the experimental group. Surface characterization included physicochemical tests, morphology, roughness, and wettability. Mechanical and electrochemical resistance were evaluated. Antimicrobial effect was tested using mono-species and 96-hour microcosm biofilm models, assessing biofilm viability, morphology, metabolism, dry weight, and microbial composition. Cytocompatibility was assessed by proliferation, adherence, live/dead, and osteogenic activity of osteoblast-like cells. Biological properties were evaluated by protein adsorption and hydroxyapatite formation. Data were analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey HSD test (α=0.05).
Results: MAO-treated surfaces formed a highly adherent PPy film, improving Ti’s mechanical and corrosion resistance (p<0.05), reducing wear loss, and increasing hardness (p<0.05). The Zn provided a significant antimicrobial effect, reducing biofilm metabolism and viability compared to other groups (p<0.05), while favorably modulating microbial profile. Furthermore, PPy/Zn coating enhanced cytocompatibility and bioactivity by promoting cell proliferation and protein adsorption (p<0.05).
Conclusions: The PPy+Zn multifunctional coating was deposited on MAO-treated surfaces, showing superior mechanical properties, antibacterial effects, and enhanced biological responses. This innovation offers a promising strategy in the dental materials field, potentially contributing to implant longevity by improving material resistance and reducing biofilm formation.
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