Use of Nd:YAG Q-Switched to Treat Gingival Pigmentation

Objectives: Gingival melanin hyperpigmentation is a condition that can affect the appearance of a smile. This study looked at using a Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser, following a set protocol, to treat this condition with a transepithelial approach.
Methods: Ten patients with different levels of gingival pigmentation had one to four laser treatments without local anesthesia. The treatment’s effectiveness was measured by comparing the Oral Pigmentation Index (OPI) and Melanin Pigmentation Index (MPI) before the treatment and three weeks after the last session. Discomfort was recorded using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) on days one, three, and five after the procedure.
Results: Full depigmentation was achieved in all patients, with most reporting little to no discomfort (NRS 0–3). Any discomfort went away within five days. No serious side effects were reported, and there were no recurrences for at least one year. Patients were also open to further treatments if needed.
Conclusions: These results show that the Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser is a safe, effective, and well-tolerated way to treat gingival melanin hyperpigmentation.