IADR Abstract Archives
TiO2/ZnO-Coated Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polyetheretherketone Implant Enhances Osseointegration in Diabetic Rats
Objectives: Diabetes mellitus raises the demand for dental implants but introduces challenges such as peri-implantitis and impaired osseointegration due to elevated glucose levels and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). This study aimed to develop improved implants with enhanced osteogenic and antibacterial properties to facilitate osseointegration under diabetic conditions.
Methods: Carbon-fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone (CFRPEEK) implants were fabricated using titanium plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII-Ti) to create a micro-nanoscaled titanium dioxide (TiO2) interface, followed by functionalization with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) via a polydopamine (PDA) in situ self-assembly polymerization reaction. Modified CFRPEEK surfaces (n=4) were characterized by SEM, EDS, XPS, ion release analysis and contact angle measurements. In vitro assays assessed biocompatibility, osteoinductive potential on diabetic rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs-DB), and antibacterial activity against P. gingivalis. In vivo biosafety and osseointegration were evaluated using a diabetic rat femoral implant model (n=6). Statistical analysis was performed with one-way or Two-way ANOVA, Tukey’s, p< 0.05.
Results: The modified surface exhibited multi-hierarchical features and enhanced hydrophilicity with a slow and stable Zn ion release, significantly improving biocompatibility (p＜0.0001), osteoinductive ability (p＜0.01), and antibacterial ability (p＜0.01). In vivo studies demonstrated that TiO2/ZnO hybrid coating improved osseointegration in diabetic rat femoral implant models over six weeks, including extensive new bone and vessel formation around the implant compared to controls (p＜0.01).
Conclusions: The PDA@TiO2/ZnO-modified CFRPEEK implants showed promising potential to address peri-implantitis and enhance osseointegration in diabetic conditions, providing a novel and clinically translatable solution for improving dental implant outcomes in diabetic patients.
Methods: Carbon-fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone (CFRPEEK) implants were fabricated using titanium plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII-Ti) to create a micro-nanoscaled titanium dioxide (TiO2) interface, followed by functionalization with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) via a polydopamine (PDA) in situ self-assembly polymerization reaction. Modified CFRPEEK surfaces (n=4) were characterized by SEM, EDS, XPS, ion release analysis and contact angle measurements. In vitro assays assessed biocompatibility, osteoinductive potential on diabetic rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs-DB), and antibacterial activity against P. gingivalis. In vivo biosafety and osseointegration were evaluated using a diabetic rat femoral implant model (n=6). Statistical analysis was performed with one-way or Two-way ANOVA, Tukey’s, p< 0.05.
Results: The modified surface exhibited multi-hierarchical features and enhanced hydrophilicity with a slow and stable Zn ion release, significantly improving biocompatibility (p＜0.0001), osteoinductive ability (p＜0.01), and antibacterial ability (p＜0.01). In vivo studies demonstrated that TiO2/ZnO hybrid coating improved osseointegration in diabetic rat femoral implant models over six weeks, including extensive new bone and vessel formation around the implant compared to controls (p＜0.01).
Conclusions: The PDA@TiO2/ZnO-modified CFRPEEK implants showed promising potential to address peri-implantitis and enhance osseointegration in diabetic conditions, providing a novel and clinically translatable solution for improving dental implant outcomes in diabetic patients.