IADR Abstract Archives
Microbial Signatures in Oral Lichen Planus
Objectives: The microbiome changes associated with oral lichen planus (OLP) remain poorly characterized. We seek to identify the OLP-associated microbiome signatures for mucosal surfaces and saliva.
Methods: BioProjects reporting 16S rRNA sequencing of the salivary and/or mucosal surface microbiome of patients with OLP were identified through the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The raw sequences were processed using the Divisive Amplicon Denoising Algorithm, v2 (DADA2), and taxonomical assignment was performed using the Human Oral Microbiome Database (HOMD). Low count and variance filters were applied before centered log-ratio (CLR) transformation. Microbiome Analyst was used to determine the differences in the salivary and mucosal surface microbiome of patients with and without OLP. The alpha diversity was evaluated using observed features and the Shannon Index, while the beta diversity was determined using the Bray-Curtis index. The differentially abundant genera were also identified with EdgeR, and the extent of periodontitis-associated dysbiosis was quantified using the subgingival microbiome dysbiosis index (SMDI).
Results: Five BioProjects were included, yielding 115 salivary and 89 mucosal swab samples. While there were no differences in alpha diversity (P>0.05), there were significant differences when comparing the OLP and healthy samples for their respective niches (P<0.05). Although mucosal surface samples from OLP showed a higher abundance of dysbiotic genera (P=0.02), overall SMDI values were similar (P=0.16). No significant differences in salivary SMDI values and its discriminating genera were observed (P>0.05). These observations are attributed to the limited number of discriminating genera with differential abundance in the OLP samples compared to healthy controls. In the OLP samples, Bacteroidetes [G3] and Bacteroidetes [G5] were consistently enriched, while Megasphaera and Cardiobacterium were consistently reduced, compared to healthy controls, across both oral niches.
Conclusions: We identified an OLP-associated microbial signature consistent for both saliva and mucosal surfaces, with microbiome changes unrelated to periodontitis-associated dysbiosis.
Methods: BioProjects reporting 16S rRNA sequencing of the salivary and/or mucosal surface microbiome of patients with OLP were identified through the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The raw sequences were processed using the Divisive Amplicon Denoising Algorithm, v2 (DADA2), and taxonomical assignment was performed using the Human Oral Microbiome Database (HOMD). Low count and variance filters were applied before centered log-ratio (CLR) transformation. Microbiome Analyst was used to determine the differences in the salivary and mucosal surface microbiome of patients with and without OLP. The alpha diversity was evaluated using observed features and the Shannon Index, while the beta diversity was determined using the Bray-Curtis index. The differentially abundant genera were also identified with EdgeR, and the extent of periodontitis-associated dysbiosis was quantified using the subgingival microbiome dysbiosis index (SMDI).
Results: Five BioProjects were included, yielding 115 salivary and 89 mucosal swab samples. While there were no differences in alpha diversity (P>0.05), there were significant differences when comparing the OLP and healthy samples for their respective niches (P<0.05). Although mucosal surface samples from OLP showed a higher abundance of dysbiotic genera (P=0.02), overall SMDI values were similar (P=0.16). No significant differences in salivary SMDI values and its discriminating genera were observed (P>0.05). These observations are attributed to the limited number of discriminating genera with differential abundance in the OLP samples compared to healthy controls. In the OLP samples, Bacteroidetes [G3] and Bacteroidetes [G5] were consistently enriched, while Megasphaera and Cardiobacterium were consistently reduced, compared to healthy controls, across both oral niches.
Conclusions: We identified an OLP-associated microbial signature consistent for both saliva and mucosal surfaces, with microbiome changes unrelated to periodontitis-associated dysbiosis.