Effect of F18 Bioactive Glass on Dentin Using Endodontic Sealers

Objectives: Biomaterials can be used to improve the interface between dentin and bioceramic sealers. This study evaluated the bond strength (BS) after the application of solutions containing F18 Bioactive glass (VETRA Ltda., Brazil), a high bioactive biomaterial.
Methods: Bovine teeth were used to prepare discs 2mm thick. The root canal was prepared with 1.5mm diameter. After irrigation of the dentin with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution and 17% EDTA, F18 solution at different concentrations (2.5%; 5% and 10%) were applied (n=22): Distilled water (DA) and PBS were used as control. The discs were immersed in 20 ml of each solution for 3 minutes, and filled (n=11) with AH Plus (AHP, Dentsply, Switzerland) or Bio-C Sealer (BCS, ready-to-use endodontic bioceramic, Angelus, Brazil). After 7 days at 37 °C, the BS was evaluated in a mechanical testing machine (Emic DL 2000, São José dos Pinhais, Brazil) with load 50 kN and speed 0.5 mm/min. Another set of specimens were immersed in buffered saline solution (PBS) for 28 days and analyzed in Scanning electron microscopy for calcium apatite precipitation. The data were subjected to the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc analysis (α=0.05).
Results: Higher BS was observed for BCS bioceramic sealer after treatment with F18 2.5%, 5% and 10% (p<0.05) with an increase in average values between 84.4% and 265.6%. F18 5% and F18 10% provided an increase in BS for AHP (p<0.05) compared to PBS and DA. Calcium apatite mineral deposition was observed on the dentin/material surface in the treated samples.
Conclusions: Dentin treatment with F18 Bioactive glass could significantly increase bond strength for Bio-C Sealer bioceramic sealer and AH Plus resin sealer. This biomaterial bioactivity promoted mineral deposition on dentin.