Comparative Analysis of Denture Cleanser Effects on Surface Roughness: Traditional vs. 3D-Printed Resin Bases – a Systematic Review

Objectives: This systematic review aimed to assess the effect of denture cleansers on the surface roughness of 3D-printed denture base resins in comparison to conventionally manufactured counterparts.
Methods: Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched following specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. No date restrictions were
applied and only English language papers were selected. Data collection and evaluation were independently executed by two reviewers, with arbitration from a third reviewer when necessary.
Results: Out of 629 initially identified articles, five studies were selected. Quality assessment based on OHAT found a high risk of bias in a majority of studies due to methodological inadequacies. A majority of the studies observed an increase in surface roughness of 3D-printed denture base resins after immersion in denture cleansers. Two studies highlighted the most pronounced alteration in the surface topography of additively manufactured denture base resins compared to their heat- polymerized counterparts. Additionally, the increase in surface roughness was contingent upon immersion duration.
Conclusions: Based on the limited evidence available, the application of denture cleansers on 3D-printed denture bases significantly augmented surface roughness compared to conventional denture bases. Heterogeneous methodologies and high risk of bias preclude definitive conclusions. Further investigations with standardized methodologies are warranted.