IADR Abstract Archives
Predictive Capacity of Fluoride Bio-Accessibility for Dental Fluorosis
Objectives: The importance of fluoride for dental caries prevention is well established. However, excessive systemic fluoride intake during tooth development may lead to development of dental fluorosis. The suggested adequate intake (AI) and upper limit (UL) values for fluoride intake are based on 100% fluoride bioavailability (mainly from water). However, due to factors like diet composition, fluoride is rarely completely available, highlighting the importance of considering fluoride bio-accessibility. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive capacity of fluoride bio-accessibility as a better determinant of dental fluorosis development.
Methods: Combining fluoride bio-accessibility data with data obtained through the Iowa Fluoride Study, mean total and bio-accessible dietary fluoride intakes were calculated for children ≤3 years of age. Parents of 31 children completed all 3-day food diaries for their children at all relevant time points (1.5, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months of age) and were included in this analysis. Unadjusted and multivariable logistic regressions were performed to predict the “development of dental fluorosis” using the independent variables: total daily dietary fluoride intake, bio-accessible fluoride, and both together.
Results: Total daily dietary fluoride intake ranged from 0.054 mg/kgbw/d for 3 months old to 0.084 mg/kgbw/d for 6 weeks old. Fluoride bio-accessibility ranged from 0.02 mg/kgbw/d for 3 months old to 0.061 mg/kgbw/d recorded for 12 months old. The inferred regression coefficients showed that fluoride bio-accessibility was a useful determinant of dental fluorosis development. Models for fluoride intake only, bio-accessible fluoride only, and both combined showed accuracy of 71%, 64%, 79%; identified 80%, 100%, 83% of true positives, had F1 scores of 0.73, 0.74, 0.8, and had an area under the ROC curve of 0.71, 0.64, 0.79, respectively.
Conclusions: This study suggests that fluoride bio-accessibility is a useful determinant of dental fluorosis and should be considered when assessing systemic fluoride ingestion in relation to its side effects.
Methods: Combining fluoride bio-accessibility data with data obtained through the Iowa Fluoride Study, mean total and bio-accessible dietary fluoride intakes were calculated for children ≤3 years of age. Parents of 31 children completed all 3-day food diaries for their children at all relevant time points (1.5, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months of age) and were included in this analysis. Unadjusted and multivariable logistic regressions were performed to predict the “development of dental fluorosis” using the independent variables: total daily dietary fluoride intake, bio-accessible fluoride, and both together.
Results: Total daily dietary fluoride intake ranged from 0.054 mg/kgbw/d for 3 months old to 0.084 mg/kgbw/d for 6 weeks old. Fluoride bio-accessibility ranged from 0.02 mg/kgbw/d for 3 months old to 0.061 mg/kgbw/d recorded for 12 months old. The inferred regression coefficients showed that fluoride bio-accessibility was a useful determinant of dental fluorosis development. Models for fluoride intake only, bio-accessible fluoride only, and both combined showed accuracy of 71%, 64%, 79%; identified 80%, 100%, 83% of true positives, had F1 scores of 0.73, 0.74, 0.8, and had an area under the ROC curve of 0.71, 0.64, 0.79, respectively.
Conclusions: This study suggests that fluoride bio-accessibility is a useful determinant of dental fluorosis and should be considered when assessing systemic fluoride ingestion in relation to its side effects.