IADR Abstract Archives
Gut Microbiota Relation With Chronic and Orofacial Pain. Scoping Review
Objectives: Chronic pain is related with stress, worry, depression, cognitive issues, and sleep disturbances. All comorbidities linked to altered gut microbiota. This scoping review examined the evidence and mechanisms connecting gut microbiota to chronic and orofacial pain.
Methods: An exploratory literature search was conducted following the PRISMA statements. Studies were included between April 2012 and April 2022. The search strategy (microbiota OR gut microbiota OR dysbiosis) AND (chronic pain) was performed in Medline, Cochrane, EBSCO, Scielo, Epistemonikos and Ovid electronic databases. Orofacial pain variable was detected when title, abstract or full text was read. At each stage of study identification, data were evaluated by 2 independent reviewers and in case of disagreement, a third reviewer intervened.
Results: From 528 articles reached, 31 articles were selected after applying the inclusion criteria (Fig. 1). 18 were primary studies: 6 were observational studies in humans and 12 were experimental studies in rodents. The remaining 13 articles were secondary: 11 narrative reviews and 2 systematic reviews. The studies presented 1a, 1b, 3b and 5 level of evidence (Oxford Classification) and covered different types/diagnosis of chronic pain. Most did not specify (13), neuropathic pain (7) fibromyalgia (4), chronic abdominal pain (3), complex regional pain syndrome (2), and migraine as the only chronic orofacial pain article. 8 studies suggest mechanisms based on bacterial diversity and its metabolites, 4 mention immuno-inflammatory mechanisms, 2 analyze alterations of nociceptors and 4 propose a combination of mechanisms.
Conclusions: Diverse evidence level studies present gut microbiota changes which may be connected at different levels of phisiopathological pathways with chronic pain pathways. Further research is needed to investigate mechanisms in humans.
Methods: An exploratory literature search was conducted following the PRISMA statements. Studies were included between April 2012 and April 2022. The search strategy (microbiota OR gut microbiota OR dysbiosis) AND (chronic pain) was performed in Medline, Cochrane, EBSCO, Scielo, Epistemonikos and Ovid electronic databases. Orofacial pain variable was detected when title, abstract or full text was read. At each stage of study identification, data were evaluated by 2 independent reviewers and in case of disagreement, a third reviewer intervened.
Results: From 528 articles reached, 31 articles were selected after applying the inclusion criteria (Fig. 1). 18 were primary studies: 6 were observational studies in humans and 12 were experimental studies in rodents. The remaining 13 articles were secondary: 11 narrative reviews and 2 systematic reviews. The studies presented 1a, 1b, 3b and 5 level of evidence (Oxford Classification) and covered different types/diagnosis of chronic pain. Most did not specify (13), neuropathic pain (7) fibromyalgia (4), chronic abdominal pain (3), complex regional pain syndrome (2), and migraine as the only chronic orofacial pain article. 8 studies suggest mechanisms based on bacterial diversity and its metabolites, 4 mention immuno-inflammatory mechanisms, 2 analyze alterations of nociceptors and 4 propose a combination of mechanisms.
Conclusions: Diverse evidence level studies present gut microbiota changes which may be connected at different levels of phisiopathological pathways with chronic pain pathways. Further research is needed to investigate mechanisms in humans.
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