IADR Abstract Archives
Laser-Tissue Interactions in Diode Laser Surgery Under Local Anesthesia
Objectives: Soft tissue incisions can be performed with diode lasers. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the heat (energy) transfer within soft tissues using different diode lasers and the effect of local anesthetic.
Methods: Bovine tongue slices (5 mm thickness) were placed in between two glass slides and at an 11cm distance from a thermographic camera. 240 in a total of 2cm long incisions were made along the surface of the tissue parallel to glass slides and the camera capture field. Incisions were performed using 445nm (blue light), 970nm, and 980nm infrared (IR) diode laser (continuous wave at 2watts) with 320μm- initiated- and non-initiated fiber for a total 30-second irradiation period. A local anesthetic (LA) of 2 ml lidocaine was injected into another group of specimens before irradiation. The vertical and lateral heat transfer (in mm), were recorded at 10-second intervals for a duration of 30 seconds, using thermographic images captured by the camera and a special image analysis software. The amount of lateral and vertical heat transfer was measured for a total 30-second irradiation period. A repeated ANOVA-statistical comparison test was used to analyze statistical differences between the lateral (width) and vertical (height) heat transfer for initiated and non-initiated lasers.
Results: Heat transfer (height/width) for initiated- and non-initiated-lasers were 18.43±3.91/7.83±2.41 and 16.68±4.65/8.76±3.15(without LA), as well as 8.72±2.46/20.31±2.66 and 9.94±2.86/19.96±4.07 (with LA), respectively.
The penetration depth and width at the 980nm irradiation were higher (p<0.05) compared to the other laser wavelengths using initiated tips (with and without LA); however, the LA created the greatest heat spread in the IR laser spectrum compared to the visible laser wavelength using non-initiated tips (p<0.0001).
Conclusions: Local anesthetics might negatively influence laser-tissue interactions in soft tissues creating scattering effects when non-initiated tips are used in conjunction with IR diode laser technology.
Methods: Bovine tongue slices (5 mm thickness) were placed in between two glass slides and at an 11cm distance from a thermographic camera. 240 in a total of 2cm long incisions were made along the surface of the tissue parallel to glass slides and the camera capture field. Incisions were performed using 445nm (blue light), 970nm, and 980nm infrared (IR) diode laser (continuous wave at 2watts) with 320μm- initiated- and non-initiated fiber for a total 30-second irradiation period. A local anesthetic (LA) of 2 ml lidocaine was injected into another group of specimens before irradiation. The vertical and lateral heat transfer (in mm), were recorded at 10-second intervals for a duration of 30 seconds, using thermographic images captured by the camera and a special image analysis software. The amount of lateral and vertical heat transfer was measured for a total 30-second irradiation period. A repeated ANOVA-statistical comparison test was used to analyze statistical differences between the lateral (width) and vertical (height) heat transfer for initiated and non-initiated lasers.
Results: Heat transfer (height/width) for initiated- and non-initiated-lasers were 18.43±3.91/7.83±2.41 and 16.68±4.65/8.76±3.15(without LA), as well as 8.72±2.46/20.31±2.66 and 9.94±2.86/19.96±4.07 (with LA), respectively.
The penetration depth and width at the 980nm irradiation were higher (p<0.05) compared to the other laser wavelengths using initiated tips (with and without LA); however, the LA created the greatest heat spread in the IR laser spectrum compared to the visible laser wavelength using non-initiated tips (p<0.0001).
Conclusions: Local anesthetics might negatively influence laser-tissue interactions in soft tissues creating scattering effects when non-initiated tips are used in conjunction with IR diode laser technology.