The Effect of Antibacterial Mixture and Non-Instrumentation Endodontic Treatment on Primary Teeth: a Systematic Review

Objectives: To conduct a systematic review of clinical studies on the effectiveness of lesion sterilization and tissue repair (LSTR) using three antibacterial mixture (3Mix) in the treatment of non-vital primary teeth. The LSTR technique is an non-instrumentation technique with the placement of an antibiotic mixture in the pulp to disinfect inflamed pulp tissue.
Methods: Well-defined search strategies were developed for four databases including the electronic Web of Science, OVID, PubMed, and Scopus. Two independent reviewers selected the relevant articles from 2,873 by screening title and abstracts. Eighteen articles were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Data extraction and quality appraisal were performed by three independent reviewers.
Results: A substantial variation existed in the compositions of antibiotic mixtures used with inconsistent success rates across the included studies. For radiographic assessment, a group of the included studies indicated that 3Mix significantly outperformed conventional treatments used for comparisons. While in clinical outcomes, 3Mix was more effective in comparison to conventional treatments in reducing pain, tenderness on percussion, abnormal mobility and healing of sinus tract.
Conclusions: The available evidence on different LSTR using 3Mix is scarce, and the findings of the studies were inconsistent. Additional clinical trials on 3Mix with different compositions are needed.