IADR Abstract Archives
Enamel Surface Improvement Using a Nano-Hydroxyapatite Dental Lotion After Tooth-brushing
Objectives: The aim of this randomized, double-blind, two-arm crossover in situ study was to investigate whether nano-hydroxyapatite (nanoHAP) dental lotion applied immediately after tooth-brushing with nanoHAP toothpaste improved tooth surface texture and shade.
Methods: Sixty sound human enamel blocks were used. During each treatment period, lasting 14 days per arm, one block was exposed to either 5% nanoHAP-containing or placebo dental lotion following tooth-brushing with 5% nanoHAP toothpaste, via an intra-oral appliance worn by 30 adults in each group. Baseline and post-treatment tooth surface texture (roughness) and shade were measured using a Confocal Profiler and Clinical Spectrophotometer respectively on the same enamel surfaces. Surface texture analysis was quantified for surface complexity (Asfc), anisotropy (epLsar), average roughness (Sa), maximum peak height (Sp), maximum valley depth (Sv) and the sum of the largest peak height and deepest valley depth (Sz). Tooth shade assessment was based on lightness (L). With regards to each variable, one-sided t-test of one group mean was used for intragroup comparison (baseline vs post-treatment), while two-sided t-test of two independent means was used to compare the two dental lotions.
Results: While pairwise comparison (baseline vs. post-treatment) indicated reduction in all roughness parameters with nanoHAP lotion (0.57±0.70 vs 0.28±0.70 Asfc; 0.04±0.21 vs -0.07±0.22 Sa; 0.17±1.28 vs -0.54±0.97 Sp, -0.03±1.30 vs -0.50±1.34 Sv and 0.13±1.68 vs -1.05±2.14 Sz) with the difference being significant for Sp (p<0.05, moderate effect size (0.6) for both parameters), there was no significant effect with the placebo lotion. Significant (p<0.0001) increase in surface lightness was observed with nanoHAP lotion but not with placebo lotion; however, when compared against each other, there was a significantly (p<0.0001) greater percentage increase in lightness with nanoHAP lotion (3.487 ± 0.78) than with placebo (1.15 ± 0.73).
Conclusions: Dental lotion containing 5% nanoHAP applied after toothbrushing increased tooth surface smoothness and lightness.
Methods: Sixty sound human enamel blocks were used. During each treatment period, lasting 14 days per arm, one block was exposed to either 5% nanoHAP-containing or placebo dental lotion following tooth-brushing with 5% nanoHAP toothpaste, via an intra-oral appliance worn by 30 adults in each group. Baseline and post-treatment tooth surface texture (roughness) and shade were measured using a Confocal Profiler and Clinical Spectrophotometer respectively on the same enamel surfaces. Surface texture analysis was quantified for surface complexity (Asfc), anisotropy (epLsar), average roughness (Sa), maximum peak height (Sp), maximum valley depth (Sv) and the sum of the largest peak height and deepest valley depth (Sz). Tooth shade assessment was based on lightness (L). With regards to each variable, one-sided t-test of one group mean was used for intragroup comparison (baseline vs post-treatment), while two-sided t-test of two independent means was used to compare the two dental lotions.
Results: While pairwise comparison (baseline vs. post-treatment) indicated reduction in all roughness parameters with nanoHAP lotion (0.57±0.70 vs 0.28±0.70 Asfc; 0.04±0.21 vs -0.07±0.22 Sa; 0.17±1.28 vs -0.54±0.97 Sp, -0.03±1.30 vs -0.50±1.34 Sv and 0.13±1.68 vs -1.05±2.14 Sz) with the difference being significant for Sp (p<0.05, moderate effect size (0.6) for both parameters), there was no significant effect with the placebo lotion. Significant (p<0.0001) increase in surface lightness was observed with nanoHAP lotion but not with placebo lotion; however, when compared against each other, there was a significantly (p<0.0001) greater percentage increase in lightness with nanoHAP lotion (3.487 ± 0.78) than with placebo (1.15 ± 0.73).
Conclusions: Dental lotion containing 5% nanoHAP applied after toothbrushing increased tooth surface smoothness and lightness.