IADR Abstract Archives
Sodium Bicarbonate Versus Peroxide Tooth Whitening: Effect of Tray Design
Objectives: Tooth whitening has become widespread with many over-the-counter and prescription options available. Most have been peroxide-based, however tooth sensitivity following whitening has led to development of alternative products. We compared whitening and sensitivity differences between a sodium bicarbonate and conventional peroxide-based whitener, delivered using two tray designs.
Methods: Eighty-one patients were referred into this study by hygienists or clinicians after they expressed an interest in tooth whitening. Participants were randomly assigned one of two whiteners differing in active ingredient: carbamide peroxide (VivaStyle 16%, IvoclarVivadent, Amherst, NY) or sodium bicarbonate (ORALGEN NuPearl32x, Scottsdale, AZ). They were also randomly assigned one of two tray designs: a custom non-reservoir tray or silicone stock tray. Shade values for anterior teeth were measured with an Easyshade 5 spectrophotometer (VITA, Torba Linda, CA) prior to and after 10 days of whitener use. Student’s T-tests (α=0.05) were used to look for significant shade differences, while ANOVA/MANOVA was used to assess interaction effects of whitener and tray design.
Results: There were significant, independent effects due to tray design and whitener on tooth shade difference across all teeth. T-tests determine that individuals with stock trays had significantly greater whitening shade change (p-value = 0.01) and also that the peroxide-based whitener had significantly greater whitening shade change than the sodium bicarbonate group.
Descriptive statistics showed that individuals in the Viva/Stock tray group had 2.5 times greater shade difference than did Oralgen/Stock, the next best-performing group (see Table 1). None of the patients in the sodium bicarbonate whitener group complained about tooth sensitivity, however 5 subjects in the peroxide group withdrew due to painful sensitivity.
Conclusions: The peroxide-based whitener produced greater whitening results, particularly when paired with the stock silicone tray. The comparably lower performance of custom trays is likely due to close adaptation to the teeth which lowers the volume of whitener in proximity to the enamel.
Methods: Eighty-one patients were referred into this study by hygienists or clinicians after they expressed an interest in tooth whitening. Participants were randomly assigned one of two whiteners differing in active ingredient: carbamide peroxide (VivaStyle 16%, IvoclarVivadent, Amherst, NY) or sodium bicarbonate (ORALGEN NuPearl32x, Scottsdale, AZ). They were also randomly assigned one of two tray designs: a custom non-reservoir tray or silicone stock tray. Shade values for anterior teeth were measured with an Easyshade 5 spectrophotometer (VITA, Torba Linda, CA) prior to and after 10 days of whitener use. Student’s T-tests (α=0.05) were used to look for significant shade differences, while ANOVA/MANOVA was used to assess interaction effects of whitener and tray design.
Results: There were significant, independent effects due to tray design and whitener on tooth shade difference across all teeth. T-tests determine that individuals with stock trays had significantly greater whitening shade change (p-value = 0.01) and also that the peroxide-based whitener had significantly greater whitening shade change than the sodium bicarbonate group.
Descriptive statistics showed that individuals in the Viva/Stock tray group had 2.5 times greater shade difference than did Oralgen/Stock, the next best-performing group (see Table 1). None of the patients in the sodium bicarbonate whitener group complained about tooth sensitivity, however 5 subjects in the peroxide group withdrew due to painful sensitivity.
Conclusions: The peroxide-based whitener produced greater whitening results, particularly when paired with the stock silicone tray. The comparably lower performance of custom trays is likely due to close adaptation to the teeth which lowers the volume of whitener in proximity to the enamel.