Extraction Site Preservation Comparing FDBA with Two Resobable Membranes

Objectives: Alveolar ridge preservation has been shown to decrease three-dimensional loss post-extraction. Various techniques and materials have been shown to successfully slow and reduce the resorptive process. This randomized, single blinded study compared clinical outcomes of extraction with site preservation using freeze-dried bone allograft (FDBA) and one of two resorbable membranes.
Methods: Patients with a single tooth extractions and intact adjacent teeth were consented and enrolled. Post extraction, the site was preserved using FDBA and randomly allocated to receive either a porcine collagen (Bio-Gide) or human amnion-chorion (BioXclude) membrane. Probing depth and clinical attachment level were assessed on teeth adjacent to the extraction site at time of extraction and at 18-20 weeks post extraction. Vertical and horizontal alveolar ridge change were measured using a customized stent and stone models at baseline and 18-20 weeks post extraction. The rate of soft tissue closure was recorded at baseline and at 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks.
Results: Thirty-six patients and 40 teeth completed the study. From baseline to 18-20 weeks no significant differences were detected between the groups in any of the measured parameters. Both membranes had an average horizontal ridge width loss around 2.0mm and exhibited a mean vertical height loss of <1.0mm. Probing depth reduction and clinical attachment level were under 1.0mm for each group. Soft tissue closure was seen on average at 4 weeks for both groups.
Conclusions: Extraction site preservation using FDBA with either membrane limited the amount of alveolar ridge resorption both horizontally and vertically. Soft tissue closure was achieved by both membranes on average of 4 weeks.