IADR Abstract Archives
Stain Removal Efficacy of a Toothpaste Containing Clay and Charcoal
Objectives: To measure the stain removal efficacy of a silica-based toothpaste containing clay or clay/charcoal in vitro using the ferric tannate (FT) stain model.
Methods: Hydroxyapatite (HAP) discs were cleaned and polished using silicon carbide paper. Baseline colour was measured using a chromameter. Aqueous solutions of tannic acid (0.5%w/w) and ammonium iron II sulphate hexahydrate (0.5%w/w) were prepared and mixed in a ratio of 1:1 by volume. The resultant stain solution was applied to each disc and left to air dry. Sufficient stain was applied to ensure L* <56 and the final colour remeasured.
The toothpastes were prepared as slurries of 1:2 toothpaste: water. A stained HAP disc was placed into a brushing machine, the toothpaste slurry added (10ml) and brushed with a flat head toothbrush for 1 minute. The HAP discs were removed, rinsed with water and the colour remeasured.
The toothpaste treatments were either a silica-based fluoride placebo toothpaste (1450ppm fluoride as NaF) (Toothpaste A), silica-based fluoride toothpaste containing clay (Toothpaste B) or a silica-based toothpaste containing clay and charcoal (Toothpaste C).
The % stain removal was calculated for each disc using the following equation and the mean stain removal determined.
% stain removal = ((L* (brushed) - L* (stain)) / ((L* (baseline) - L* (stain)) x 100
Results: The mean % stain removal for Toothpastes A, B and C are shown in the table.
Treatments with different letters were significantly different (p<0.05, ANOVA, Tukey Kramer).
Conclusions: A silica-based fluoride toothpaste containing clay/charcoal gave significantly greater stain removal than a silica-based fluoride toothpaste containing clay, and both gave significantly greater stain removal than a silica-based fluoride placebo toothpaste.
Methods: Hydroxyapatite (HAP) discs were cleaned and polished using silicon carbide paper. Baseline colour was measured using a chromameter. Aqueous solutions of tannic acid (0.5%w/w) and ammonium iron II sulphate hexahydrate (0.5%w/w) were prepared and mixed in a ratio of 1:1 by volume. The resultant stain solution was applied to each disc and left to air dry. Sufficient stain was applied to ensure L* <56 and the final colour remeasured.
The toothpastes were prepared as slurries of 1:2 toothpaste: water. A stained HAP disc was placed into a brushing machine, the toothpaste slurry added (10ml) and brushed with a flat head toothbrush for 1 minute. The HAP discs were removed, rinsed with water and the colour remeasured.
The toothpaste treatments were either a silica-based fluoride placebo toothpaste (1450ppm fluoride as NaF) (Toothpaste A), silica-based fluoride toothpaste containing clay (Toothpaste B) or a silica-based toothpaste containing clay and charcoal (Toothpaste C).
The % stain removal was calculated for each disc using the following equation and the mean stain removal determined.
% stain removal = ((L* (brushed) - L* (stain)) / ((L* (baseline) - L* (stain)) x 100
Results: The mean % stain removal for Toothpastes A, B and C are shown in the table.
Treatments with different letters were significantly different (p<0.05, ANOVA, Tukey Kramer).
Conclusions: A silica-based fluoride toothpaste containing clay/charcoal gave significantly greater stain removal than a silica-based fluoride toothpaste containing clay, and both gave significantly greater stain removal than a silica-based fluoride placebo toothpaste.