IADR Abstract Archives
Effects of Psychiatric Drugs on Orofacial Dryness
Objectives: was to determine effects of psychiatric drug-therapies on xerostomia, whole- and minor saliva flow rates in Hungary.
Methods: 188 psychiatric patients(70M, 118F) and 173 (80M, 93F) age- and sex matched healthy controls were involved in this study. Patients were categorized by the taken psychiatric drugs: serotonin antagonists and reuptake inhibitors(SARI), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRI), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors(SNRI), noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant(NASSA), SNRI+NASSA, atypical- and typical antipsychotics, Valproate(VPA), Benzodiazepin(BDZ), Lithium, Tricyclic antidepressants(TCA).
A questionnaire (16 questions) was designed to determine the subjective presence of the orofacial sicca symptoms. Unstimulated whole saliva flow rate (UWS) was determined by the spitting method, palatal(PS) and labial(LS) saliva flow rates were measured by the Periotron method. Dataswere statistically analyzed by the χ2 and the Student's t-test at a significance level of p<0.05.
Results: Xerostomia ratios in medicated patients were as follows in men: SARI:80%(p<0.01), SSRI:37,5%,SNRI:81,8%(p<0.01), NASSA:85,7% (p<0.01), SNRI+NASSA:100% (p<0.05), atypical:48,9%, typical:0%,VPA:40%, BDZ:53,3%(p<0.01), lithium:22,2%,TCA:50%; in women:
SARI:100%(p<0.001), SSRI:62,5%(p<0.01), SNRI:78,9%(p<0.001), NASSA:64,3%(p<0.05), SNRI+NASSA:75%,atypical:60,8%(p<0.001), typical:45,5%,VPA:33,3%, BDZ:65,6%(p<0.0001), lithium:58,8%(p<0.05), TCA:60%;compared to non-medicated men(31%) and women(33,3%). Hyposalivation(UWS≦0.1ml/min) could only be detected in female TCA group (0,09±0,09ml/min). Minor saliva flow rates: among medicated men significantly higher flow rate was shown in the atypical(PS:1,33,±0,6µl/cm2/min) and BDZ(PS:1,29,±0,8µl/cm2/min)groups (control:PS:0,59±0,3µl/cm2/min) and among medicated women in BDZ(LS:1,72±2,0µl/cm2/min); while atypical(LS:1,01±1,4µl/cm2/min) and typical(LS:0,31±0,2µl/cm2/min) groups resulted significantly lower flow rate in medicated female(control:PS:0,46±0,6 and LS:1,81±1,41µl/cm2/min). Oral hygiene indexes(OHI) were significantly higher in the patients.
Conclusions: According to our results, rate of xerostomia and OHI in medicated groups were higher than in the control group. Altough, the different psychiatric drugs resulted different saliva flow rates.
Methods: 188 psychiatric patients(70M, 118F) and 173 (80M, 93F) age- and sex matched healthy controls were involved in this study. Patients were categorized by the taken psychiatric drugs: serotonin antagonists and reuptake inhibitors(SARI), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRI), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors(SNRI), noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant(NASSA), SNRI+NASSA, atypical- and typical antipsychotics, Valproate(VPA), Benzodiazepin(BDZ), Lithium, Tricyclic antidepressants(TCA).
A questionnaire (16 questions) was designed to determine the subjective presence of the orofacial sicca symptoms. Unstimulated whole saliva flow rate (UWS) was determined by the spitting method, palatal(PS) and labial(LS) saliva flow rates were measured by the Periotron method. Dataswere statistically analyzed by the χ2 and the Student's t-test at a significance level of p<0.05.
Results: Xerostomia ratios in medicated patients were as follows in men: SARI:80%(p<0.01), SSRI:37,5%,SNRI:81,8%(p<0.01), NASSA:85,7% (p<0.01), SNRI+NASSA:100% (p<0.05), atypical:48,9%, typical:0%,VPA:40%, BDZ:53,3%(p<0.01), lithium:22,2%,TCA:50%; in women:
SARI:100%(p<0.001), SSRI:62,5%(p<0.01), SNRI:78,9%(p<0.001), NASSA:64,3%(p<0.05), SNRI+NASSA:75%,atypical:60,8%(p<0.001), typical:45,5%,VPA:33,3%, BDZ:65,6%(p<0.0001), lithium:58,8%(p<0.05), TCA:60%;compared to non-medicated men(31%) and women(33,3%). Hyposalivation(UWS≦0.1ml/min) could only be detected in female TCA group (0,09±0,09ml/min). Minor saliva flow rates: among medicated men significantly higher flow rate was shown in the atypical(PS:1,33,±0,6µl/cm2/min) and BDZ(PS:1,29,±0,8µl/cm2/min)groups (control:PS:0,59±0,3µl/cm2/min) and among medicated women in BDZ(LS:1,72±2,0µl/cm2/min); while atypical(LS:1,01±1,4µl/cm2/min) and typical(LS:0,31±0,2µl/cm2/min) groups resulted significantly lower flow rate in medicated female(control:PS:0,46±0,6 and LS:1,81±1,41µl/cm2/min). Oral hygiene indexes(OHI) were significantly higher in the patients.
Conclusions: According to our results, rate of xerostomia and OHI in medicated groups were higher than in the control group. Altough, the different psychiatric drugs resulted different saliva flow rates.