Periodontal ligament (PDL) is a connective tissue con- structed by various cell types, including fibroblasts, osteoblasts, neuronal cells, and endothelial cells. The type of storage medium used to store avulsed teeth prior to replantation has been shown to be a decisive factor in periodontal ligament healing. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of canine adipose tissue-derived stem cells (cAD-SCs) on periodontal healing model of trauma.
Method: All dogs (n=6) were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (25 mg/kg intravenously). Noncarious, closed apex and periodontally sound maxillary incisor and mandibular first and second premolar teeth were atraumatically extracted from both jaws and stored in cold whole bovine milk at room temperature for 60 minutes. The sockets were then washed with and teeth were treated with cAD-SCs. Micro-computed tomography (micro CT) was employed to monitor individual morphological changes over time (0, 1, 2, 4,6 and 8 weeks after surgery) in dogs. Following dehydrating and paraffin embedding, the specimens were serially sectioned at 5μm . The sections stained hematoxylin-eosin were observed with microscope. Areas of inflammatory root resorption, replacement resorption, surface resorption, and total area of resorbed root dentin and cementum were considered for analysis. The total root dentin area and the area of resorbed root dentin were measured in square millimeters, and were converted to percentages for statistical analysis.
Result: histopathologic and micro CT examination showed surface resorption at the root of reimplanted teeth. In cAD-SCs group, the newly formed connective tissue was observed between the root surface and the alveolar bone, resulted in the formation of new cement on the root surface. There was a statistical significant difference between the cAD-SCs group and the control group (P<0.05)
Conclusion: We conclude that cAD-SCs may facilitate future stem cell-based reparative and regenerative studies in dogs.